Predictors of readmission among cardiopulmonary patients in Birjand: A cross-sectional study

Arbabi, Mahdi; Sabeghi, Hakimeh; Bahrami, Mahnaz

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Research code: 4692

Ethics code: IR.BUMS.REC.1397.112

Predictors of readmission among cardiopulmonary patients in Birjand: A cross-sectional study

Mahdi Arbabi¹

, Hakimeh Sabeghi²

, Mahnaz Bahrami ^*³

1- Department of Medical Ethics, School of Health and Religion, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
2- Department of Emergency Nursing, Geriatric Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
3- Department of Emergency Nursing, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran , bahramim@bums.ac.ir

Abstract: (14 Views)

Background and Aims: Readmission of cardiopulmonary patients is an important challenge for healthcare systems, leading to high costs and negatively impacting patients' quality of life. This study was conducted to determine the factors influencing the risk of readmission among cardiopulmonary patients and to examine their correlations with other related factors.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 150 cardiopulmonary patients admitted to two major teaching hospitals in Birjand were analyzed. Data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire and the Ohta Readmission Risk Questionnaire. Experts confirmed the questionnaires' validity, and their reliability was verified using a Cronbach's alpha of 0.85. Data analysis was performed using SPSS (version 25), employing both descriptive and inferential statistical tests at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: 54.7% of patients were at moderate risk of readmission, and 28% were at high risk. The risk of readmission had a significant inverse correlation with age, marital status, education level, income, place of residence, occupation, type of disease (cardiac or pulmonary), having a caregiver, and type of health insurance (P<0.05). Specifically, patients with lower education, insufficient income, rural residence, and those without a family caregiver were at a higher risk of readmission.
Conclusion: The risk of readmission among cardiopulmonary patients is affected by individual, social, and economic factors. Improving patient health literacy, supporting underprivileged groups, strengthening the role of family caregivers, and designing standard discharge-planning and post-discharge follow-up programs can significantly reduce readmission rates.

Keywords: Cardiopulmonary Diseases, Health literacy, Ohta Readmission Risk Questionnaire, Readmission

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Type of Study: Original Article | Subject: Cardiology
Received: 2025/12/18 | Accepted: 2026/01/26 | ePublished ahead of print: 2026/02/24