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Naseh N, Ebrahimzadeh F, Behnia A, Saadatjoo S. The determination of small for gestational age prevalence and some of its risk factors in newborn infants of Birjand hospitals (2004). J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2005; 12 (1 and 2) :9-15
URL: http://journal.bums.ac.ir/article-1-43-en.html

Background and Aim: Small for Gestational Age (SGA) prevalence is one of the most important indicators of health, Hygiene, and socioeconomic status of society. SGA markedly increases mortality and morbidity in infancy. In addition, psychologic and physical complications will increase in the individuals as they grow up. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of SGA and its risk factors.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive and analytical study was carried out on 950 singleton neonates born alive in Birjand maternity hospitals that whose gestational age of pregnancy was well defined. Information was collected by questionnaire and standard measurement of weight was done by German Seca scales. Weight and height and head circumference were measured by a metric tape. The data was analyzed by SPSS software, Chi-Square and Fisher Exact Test; and P≤0.05 was considered as the significant level.
Results: Prevalence of SGA was 24.3% and its prevalence significantly increased (P<0.05) in female neonates, housewife mothers (compared with employed one), term neonates (compared with preterm ones), hypertensive mothers (compared with normotensive) and in mothers with chronic illnesses such as hypertension, epilepsy and kidney disease (compared with. healthy mothers). But there was no significant relationship between SGA prevalence and parents' literacy, mother's age, living place, passive smoking and prenatology visits.
Conclusion: Higher prevalence of SGA in Birjand is probably related to socioeconomic status and race.