Showing 6 results for Acetaminophen
M. Afshar, J. Hami, M. Jafarpour, B. Taghi Zadeh,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (7-2005)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Acetaminophen is routinely used during all stages of pregnancy for pain relief and lowering elevated body temperature. There is a little information about teratogenic effects of long term consumption of this drug. This study was designed to illuminate the teratogenic effects of the drug when taken before and during pregnancy.
Materials and Methods: 60 virgin female Balb/c mice were housed in an animal house with standard conditions, and were divided into 6 experimental groups (10 cases in each group). The first three experimental groups received orally 2800 mg/day of acetaminophen 10, 20 and 30 days before pregnancy
and during the 10 days of early pregnancy. The other 3 experimental groups received 5600 mg/day of the drug during the same periods as the first experimental groups. In contrast, the two control groups, routine and positive, received normal saline and base of drugs in the same manner as the experimental groups, respectively. For coupling, three males and one female were used overnight. After coupling was done under standard conditions and the vaginal plug was observed, zero time of GD was identified. The female mice were dissected on GD18th and the respective fetuses were collected. Macroscopic observation was done through Olympus SZX Japan stereomicroscope. The obtained data was recorded in the frequency tables and
analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests by means of SPSS software.
Results: This study showed that consumption of acetaminophen in the mentioned doses for 20 and 30 days before pregnancy and during the 10 days of early pregnancy can produce limb malformations such as limb deformity, reduction and asymmetry; and hand aplasia. Furthermore hemorrhage and absorption were seen in the fetuses.
Conclusion: with regard to the teratogenic effects of acetaminophen, it is recommended to avoid consumption of the drug for one or two months before pregnancy.
D Mohajeri, G Mousavi, Mh Khayat Noori, A Hasanpanah,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (12-2009)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nowadays pain sedation and faster healing of surgical wounds is more challenging to researchers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate histopathological effects of acetaminophen, as a non-opiod analgesic without anti-inflammatory effects, on healing of stomach surgical wounds in the rats.
Materials and Methods: Fifteen male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups (sham, negative control and experimental) with five subjects in each. A gastrotomy incision with one cm in length was made in the greater curvature of stomach in the rats, which was thereafter sutured in 2 layers. The experimental group was orally given acetaminophen (30 mg/kg) solved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 5% (10 mL/Kg) daily for 15 days. The negative control and sham groups received DMSO 5% (10 mL/Kg) and normal saline (10 mL/Kg) respectively in the same manner as the experimental group. Histopathological studies and comparison of wound healing among the groups were carried out considering the more effective factors on wound healing such as proliferation of fibroblasts, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization and collagen production. Significant differences among the groups were determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS statistical software at the significant level of P<0.05.
Results: There were no significant differences among the groups regarding the number of fibroblasts, capillary buds, epithelial gap size, and collagen content in healing of surgical wounds.
Conclusion: The results indicated that acetaminophen has no adverse side-effects on surgical wound healing of the stomach in rats thus, it can be used as a pain relief after stomach surgery
F Taghaddosi-Nejad, A Ghazi-Khansari , H Hassanian , Sh Shadnia , A Okazi , O Mehrpour ,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (10-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aim: N-Acetyl cysteine (NAC) is an effective antidote for acetaminophen poisoning. Now, in some poisoning centers the prescription of NAC is related to the dose of drug through medical history of patients, because of mines equipments and high load of patients. We evaluate the patient’s history more closely and compare it with the plasma acetaminophen to find the effective factors of history on severity of poisoning.
Materials and Methods: This prospective cross sectional study was carried out over 170 patients who were consumed more than 7.5 grams of acetaminophen. Some variables like age, sex, number of suicides, the amount of drug, and the duration between drug consumption and hospital admission were evaluated and the data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: In total 170 patients, the mean age was 21.81 ± 6.05 years. Out of the total number of samples, 44.7% were men and 55.3% were women. The mean plasma level of acetaminophen was 18.7 µg/ml. The prevalence of poisoning was more in third decade of life. Number of suicides, amount of drug, and duration of consumption and emergency admissions were three variables which positively affect severity of poisoning.
Conclusion: In conditions which quick plasma tittering of acetaminophen is impossible for determining the indication of NAC prescription, some factors through patients’ history help the physician for better decision. Positive history of suicide, high dose drug consumption, and long duration between drug poisoning and hospital admission are some risk factors for poisoned patients.
Ali Barkhori, Mohammad Reza Drodian, Mehrdad Norozi, Matin Hashemi Shadmehri, Mohammad Shabani,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Severe pain following cesarean section is a complex physiologic reaction due to distention of gastrocolic regions, tissue impairment, and uterus contractions. This sort of pain can have unfavorable effects on different body systems. There are different drugs and various techniques to decrease such pain, e.g. ordinary oral and injectable analgesics and rectal suppositories are available. Thepresent study aimed at comparing the effect of diclofenac, indomethacin, naproxen, and acetaminophen rectal suppositories on post-cesarean section pain. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical experimental study undertaken in Kerman Afzalipoor hospital, 125 pregnant women who had undergone cesarean section under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into 4 groups. In the recovery ward, after complaining of pain, the first and the second group members were administered 100mg of rectal diclofenac and indomethacin, respectively. The third and the fourth group members received 325mg and 500mg acetaminophen and naproxen, respectively in the same manner. Then, the vital signs and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of each case were examined and evaluated at the time 0, 15 and 60 minutes after administration. Results: The all cases were not significantly different regarding age, height, and weight. Moreover, the group receiving diclofenac experienced the most pain decrease within an hour based on VAS (P<0.001). However , there was no significant difference among the other groups. Conclusion: Rectal diclofenac suppository significantly decreases pain one hour following cesarean section compared to indomethacin, naproxen, and acetaminophen.
Aliyeh Hossein Nezhad, Maryam Khodadadi, Ali Naghizade, Negin Nasseh, Soheila Chavoshan,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The residuals of drug are belonging to emerging pollutants. Drugs and their metabolites should be removed from water resources due to potential risks and their toxicities for humans and the environment.These materials are not completely eliminated by the conventional methods of water and wastewater treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the removal of acetaminophen using single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes from aqueous environments.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the effect of different parameters such as: pH, initial concentration of acetaminophen, adsorbent dose, time of touch and mixing speed were investigated in acetaminophen removal by single-wall and multi-wall carbon nanotubes. The adsorption isotherms of Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Rudeshkuvich and BET and pseudo-first and pseudo-second order adsorption kinetics were also investigated. Acetaminophen concentration was measured by spectrophotometer at (λ max=258 nm).
Results: The result of the experiments showed that single-wall and multi-wall carbone nanotubes could be able to removal 38.59% and 28.24% of acetaminophen at time=45 min , PH=7. With increasing the dose of nanotubes, the removal percentage increased and absorption capacity decreased, Absorption process showed the highest correlation with Langmuir model and pseudo-second kinetics (R2>0.99).
Conclusion: The results showed that single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube adsorbents can be used as an effective adsorbent in the removal of acetaminophen from aqueous environments along with other treatment methods.
Halimeh Ajam, Maryam Tehranipour, Farahnaz Molavi,
Volume 29, Issue 3 (12-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Acetaminophen is a common anti-analgesic and antipyretic medication that in high doses leads to liver and kidney necrosis in humans and animals. Phlomis cancellata, from the mint family, is a plant that has antioxidant properties. In the present study, the hepatoprotective effect of Phlomis cancellata hydroalcoholic extract on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats was investigated.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 36 male rats were divided into six groups, each including six rats: control group, negative control group, and positive control group (receiving silymarin at a dose of 200 mg/kg) and three experimental groups. All groups, except the control group, were treated with acetaminophen at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight, and the treatment groups of 1, 2, and 3 received a hydroalcoholic extract of Phlomis cancellata (at 200, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg body weight), respectively. After 24 h, all rats were anesthetized and blood was drawn from the heart to examine albumin and bilirubin, and liver enzymes of (ALP, AST, and ALT). Sections of the liver were removed for histological studies. The collected data was analyzed in Minitab software (version 16). The findings were compared using post hoc Tukey and one-way ANOVA tests.
Results: The results indicated that in the treatment and positive control groups, the amount of liver enzymes decreased significantly compared to the negative control group (P<0.001). Histopathologically, necrosis and lymphocytic infiltration were reduced in the groups receiving Phlomis cancellata extract and silymarin.
Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of Phlomis cancellata had a protective role in improving acute acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity.
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