Showing 11 results for Khosravi
A. Khosravi Khorashad, A. Sadeghiyan, M. Khajeh Karamoddin, M. Milani, T. Tavakkoli,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (April 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Helicobacter (H.) pylori is responsible for one of the most common bacterial infections in the world. Probiotics such as lactobacilli prevent the multiplication of a wide range of human and animal pathogens. One of the useful potentials of probiotics is their antagonist effect on harmful
microorganisms so that they would be effective in prevention and treatment of H. pylori. The present study was aimed to evaluate the inhibitory role of lactobacilli in foodstuff on H. pylori.
Materials and Methods: In this study which carried out in Ghaem medical center of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2003, after culturing 114 enteral biopsies, in 20 samples, H. pylori were obtained. Also, lactobacilli present in 12 kinds of dairy products were discriminated and their supernatants were collected. After H. pylori was cultured in Colombia-agar culture medium, the inhibitory effect of the supernatants on the bacteria was studied using Well Diffusion Agar Method. The obtained data was analysed by one-sided variance analysis at the significant level P≤0.05.
Results: Mean diameter of lack of multiplication peripheral circle was 7.6±3.1 mm in all situations (P<0.05). Most of the H. pylori samples were inhibited by the supernatants. One-sided variance analysis was significant with respect to 12 dairy products. Mean diameter of lack of multiplication peripheral circle of unpasteurized dairy products (8.2±2.9) was more than pasteurized ones (7.5±3.4). Besides, mean diameter of lack of multiplication peripheral circle of H. Pylori against lactobacilli obtained from local dairy products (8.9±1.8) was more than those from outside dairy products (7.2±3.6).
Conclusion: On the basis of the present study, everyday consumption of dairy products having probiotics; useful microorganisms particularly lactobacilli is effective against H. Pylori. Therefore, providing dairy products with useful lactobacilli is recommended.
F. Sajjadi, N. Mohammadifard, A. Khosravi, A. Bahonar, M. Maghroon, M. Fathi, H. Alikhasi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (July 2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Non-communicable diseases especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a major health problem in all communities. Moreover, the best preventive measure concerning such diseases is the improvement of lifestyles in which proper nutrition has an important role. Thus, health-care providers have an important role in teaching proper nutrition to the community. The aim of present study was to determine nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice of health-care providers about CVD prevention. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional and descriptive study, 1421 health professionals including physicians, adepts, health technicians, health workers, and health volunteers were chosen. Nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice of the subjects were determined by means of a questionnaire. Food consumption frequency of these health professionals was determined by using a food frequency questionnaire and their respective mean weekly frequency of food consumption was analyzed by means of one-way ANOVA and P≤0.05 was taken as the significant level. Frequency of correct nutritional practice in health professionals was calculated through Chi-Square test. Results: Mean percent of knowledge and attitude scores of health professional were 43±17.7 and 59.3±31.2 respectively. Physicians’ knowledge, attitude, and practice was significantly more than those of other professionals (P<0.05). Physicians had better nutrition practice compared with other health professionals (P<0.05). Conclusion: High knowledge, attitude, and correct practice of most physicians in comparison with other groups is related to their higher education and their better economical and social status. Other health professionals’ practice to inform people about some of basic food stuffs is not enough. Then, with regard to the preventive role of nutrition in CVD, more education of the health staff is necessary.
Mb Sohrabi, A Khosravi, P Zolfaghari, J Sarrafha,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (October 2009)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nosocomial infections (NI) are infections that occur during admission time in the hospital. Data regarding the incidence of NI is variable between 2.8-10% in different centers. The most common causes of these infections are iatrogenic, organization and patient risk factors. According to high physical lesions and financial losses imposed by these infections and the lack of accurate statistics regarding this topic we aimed to evaluate the frequency of NI and the related factors. Materials and Methods: In a prospective descriptive study, all admitted patients in different wards of Imam Hossein(as) hospital of Shahrood in 2005, who had the diagnostic criteria of NI were included and full laboratory studies were performed. The annual incidence rate and incidence density of NI was calculated. Data were analyzed by SPSS using relevant statistical tests. Results: Among 23816 admitted patients in this hospital, 98 patients (46 males and 52 females) with mean age of 55.7±23.9 years (ranging 5 to 98 years) were diagnosed as NI. Overall incidence rate of NI was 41/10000 patients. Incidence density in ICU was 54.1, in neurology ward was 37.2, internal medicine ward was 16.6 and in orthopedic ward was 12.5/10000 patients/day. Regarding the etiology of infection, E-coli was found in 64.3%, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus in 11.2% and Klebsiella in 8.2% of cases. Among patients with NI, urine catheter was seen in 66.3%, tracheal intubations in 14.3% and surgical wounds were seen in 13.2% of patients. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the lower frequency of NI in comparison with the national results. Proper and timely use of medical interventions, hand washing especially for health personnel, health education, continuous supervision, correct use of disposable equipments, controlled use of antibiotics good care of surgical wounds are the most important to be considered.
Ali Akbar Taghizadeh, Maryam Khodadadi, Taher Shahriary, Hadighe Dorri, Mahla Zaferanieh, Rasoul Khosravi,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (July 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Discharge of industrial wastewater containing hexavalent chromium into the environment can have harmful effects to the types of organisms. So, chromium should remove before discharging to the environment with an effective method. The purpose of this study of is hexavalent chromium removed with Peganum harmala granular seeds(PGS).
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, The removal of hexavalent chromium with using PGS, with changes in time, pH, adsorbent dose, initial concentration of chromium and mixing speed was performed in the environment chemistry laboratory in Birjand University of Medical Sciences School of Public Health. Experiments were performed in batch reactor in flasks on Shaker. For chromium(VI) determine was used UV/VIS Spectrophotometer T80+ at a wavelength of 540 nm. Data were analyzed with Excel software.
Results: The results of these experiments showed that the most removal of hexavalent chromium occurred in pH equal to 1.5 and optimum adsorbent dose was 10 grams per liter. Because of the active site of absorption is low. Increasing the initial concentration of chromium removal decreased with increasing initial concentration of Cr(VI). On the contrary, chromium removal efficiency increased with increasing of contact time and mixing speed.
Conclusion: So, we can result the PGS remove hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution effectively.
Alireza Khosravi, Mahnaz Jozan, Mojgan Gharipour, Mohsen Rowzati, Elham Khosravi, Nisal Sarrafzadegan,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (Supplementary: Cardiovascular 2013)
Abstract
Background: We evaluated the impacts of a workplace intervention project "Stop Hypertension in Mobarakeh Steel Company" (SHIMSCO) on controlling hypertension in industrial workers. Methods: This clinical trial was carried out in workers and employees of Mobarakeh Steel Company in Isfahan All individuals were evaluated for the presence of hypertension (HTN). According to examinations and after calculating Framingham score for each person, 500 subjects referred to Isfahan Cardiovascular research Institute. HTN considers as having systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg, and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg, and/or those using antihypertensive medications. They were questioned for socio-demographic characteristics, past medical history and medication use. They received an educational program including healthy lifestyle and self-care recommendations of HTN management and control as well as training for accurate blood pressure measurement and home monitoring for two years. SBP, DBP, weight, height and routine lab tests were measured for all hypertensive subjects before and after the interventions. Paired t-test, generalized estimation equation (GEE) and ordinary linear regression were used for statistical analysis in SPSS. Results: The comparison of SBP and DBP before and after the educational program showed significant reductions in both parameters (-7.97 ± 14.72 and -2.66 ± 9.96 mmHg, respectively). However, a greater decrease was detected in case of DBP. GEE analysis showed SBP and DBP to decrease about -0.115 and -0.054 mmHg/month. OLR also revealed reductions of 4.88 and 2.57 mmHg respectively in SBP and DBP upon adding each antihypertensive drug. Conclusion: interventional project in workplaces could be effective in reducing SBP and DBP among hypertensive employees and workers through improvement in awareness regarding healthy lifestyle
Fatemeh Alsadat Arghavan, Rasoul Khosravi, Ali Akbar Taghizadeh, Mahmoud Taghavi, Athar Entezari, Monireh Khazaei, Reza Ali Fallahzadeh,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (October 2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Activated carbon is a most common adsorbent. By emerging of new technologies, the activated carbon production methods need to be improved. The aim of this study was producing powdered activated carbon from Peganum Harmala seed under ultrasound waves for activation and its application for chromium removal from aqueous solutions.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted in a batch reactor. The Peganum Harmala seeds were used for activated carbon production and Ultrasonic waves were used to activation. The BET test was done in order to determine of the specific surface area of produced activated carbon. The most important variables affecting the adsorption process were examined. For Cr(VI) determining UV/VIS Spectrophotometer T80+ at a wavelength of 540 nm was used. Data analysis was performed by Excel software.
Results: The BET test results showed that the specific surface area of produced activated carbon is 442m2/g. The optimum pH of solution to adsorption process by both raw powder of Peganum Harmala seeds and produced powdered activated carbon adsorbents was equal 2. Adsorption data for both adsorbents were best fitted to the pseudo-second order kinetic and parameter of K2 for the produced powdered activated carbon was obtained two times more than K2 for raw powdered Peganum Harmala seed.
Conclusion: The results showed that ultrasound is very effective in activation of carbon and produced activated carbon have high adsorption rate and specific surface area, it and can be used as an appropriate adsorbent for removal of hexavalent chromium.
Yahya Mohammadi, Hasan Malaki, Mahboubeh Khosravi, Mohammad Reza Miri, Abbas Abbaspour,
Volume 25, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the most important elements of designing medical education curriculum with entrepreneurial approach is teaching and learning strategies that plays a key role in the implementation and effectiveness of the curriculum. Teaching methods must be tailored to the objectives and content of the teaching and tailored to the needs of the learners. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the teaching and learning strategies in the medical education curriculum with the approach of entrepreneurship education.
Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review. The search for the present study was carried out with entrepreneurial keywords, entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship curriculum, entrepreneurship teaching strategies in the field of medical education. In this regard, Web site articles, ISCs, SIDs and Magiran, Google scholar, ProQuest, sagepub, PubMed and library studies were searched in books and scientific papers published between 1990 and 2017.
Results: A total of 71 sources were studied. In an entrepreneurial curriculum, teacher teaching strategies in the classroom should be closely linked to the creativity and innovation of the students.
Conclusion: Effective entrepreneurship education requires providing various facilities, including teaching methods, and introduces acquaintance to instructors with an almost complete set of teaching methods for teaching.
Mahboubeh Khosravi,
Volume 25, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim:One of the most important goals of higher education systems is to create creativity and innovation in students, and the curriculum sphere, as the heart of the educational system, can be effective in formulating and implementing this notion. The purpose of this study was to study the factors influencing the acceptance of curriculum innovations in the Iranian higher education system.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study. The research population comprised of all faculty members in the Tehran-based universities. Given the number of indicators covered in the study, the sample size was estimated to be 174 people who were selected via non-random sampling method. Data were collected by a 95-item researcher-made questionnaire. The Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and the reliability of the questionnaire was 0.83 using Cronbach's alpha method. SPSS16 and PLS software were used to analyze the data. Correlation and path analysis were used at the significant level of 0.05.
Results: The results showed that the curriculum culture, macro-environment policy, learners’ characteristics, innovation characteristics, facilitators of and barriers to innovation in higher education curriculum have a significant effect (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Therefore, understanding the factors influencing the implementation of innovations in the curriculum can be used as a tool for better planning in the process of implementing educational innovations.
Hajar Khosravi, Mehdi Rahnema, Masoumeh Asle-Rousta,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (October 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Tarragon alcoholic extract on spatial learning and memory deficits, induced by chronic immobilization stress in male rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 60 male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (each group of 10 rats): Control(without treatment), under stress, receiving 100 mg/kg Tarragon extract, receiving 500 mg/kg Tarragon extract, Stress receiving and 100 mg/kg Tarragon extract simultaneously, and finally Stress receiving group and 500 mg/kg tarragon extract simultaneously. The rats in under stress group, 6 hours every day for 21 consecutive days they encountered with immobilized stress. Groups receiving Tarragon extract, during this period, the doses of 100 mg / kg.bw and 500 mg/kg.bw were extracted by gavage, and two groups receiving the extract and stress simultaneously, in addition to receiving Tarragon extract at the same doses they also faced stress. Spatial learning and memory of animals were evaluated by using the Morris water maze test.
Results Immobilized stress impaired learning and memory in animals. Delay time (seconds) and distance (cm) moved to reach the hidden platform was significantly increased in the stress group compared to the control group (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively).
Also in probe test, total elapsed time (s) and distance (cm) in target quadrant decreased significantly in stress group compare with control group (p<0.001 and p<0.05 respectively). Receiving both doses of Tarragon extract improved spatial learning and memory in under stressed rats.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that Tarragon extracts prevent memory impairment and may be useful in preventing and treating of neuro-degenerative diseases due to stress.
Saeedeh Khosravi Bizhaem, Fahimeh Nikraftar, Majid Shayesteh, Hamid Azadmehr, Sedigheh Ramezani, Ali Ghasemi, Hossein Hatamikia,
Volume 29, Issue 4 (March 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Nowadays, considering lifestyle changes and epidemiological transitions, non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and related risk factors have become one of the most important health priorities. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of hypertension and its related risk factors in South Khorasan province in 2016 and 2021.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study which was a part of the national Stepwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) plan of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, adults >18 years old living in South Khorasan province were selected by stratified multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using the National Survey questionnaire on risk factors for non-communicable diseases (ecological information, behavioral, physical, and biological assessments) by the questioning team under the supervision of the authors of the Health Department of the Birjand University of Medical Sciences and were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics (Chi-square test) in SPSS software (version 16).
Results: The prevalence of hypertension in 2016 was 25.4%, and in 2021 it increased to 36.4%. Although the percentage increased in patients' awareness, the percentage of coverage of effective treatment has decreased from 39.8% to 27.4%. The prevalence of behavioral risk factors has decreased over a 5-year period, and the prevalence of physical risk factors (except overweight) has increased. The percentage of using salt has decreased; however, it is still higher than the national average, and the proper consumption of fruits and vegetables is lower than the national average.
Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in South Khorasan province is increasing, resulting from a gradual increase in physical risk factors and a lack of a healthy diet. Therefore, considering the common risk factors, it seems necessary to adopt preventive policies and interventions and follow the required treatments.
Alireza Amirabadizadeh, Maryam Khosravi, Mohsen Foadoddini,
Volume 30, Issue 3 (December 2023)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Curcumin has potential anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of curcumin against cardiac ischemia -reperfusion injury in rats fed a high-fat diet.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (C), high-fat diet (H), curcumin 100 (HyperC100, 100 mg/kg) and curcumin 200 (HyperC200), with the last two groups receiving oral curcumin daily for 3 weeks.
The rats were fed a high-fat diet for 7 weeks to induce obesity. After anesthesia, hearts were removed and placed on the Langendorff perfusion system andbegan beating. After 20 minutes of stabilization, 35 minutes of ischemia and 60 minutes of nutrient fluid reflux were performed. During this interval, ventricular (LV) functional indices including LVSP, LVDP, LVEDP and +dp/dt were recorded. The relative size of the infarction was measured by using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.
Results: Hyperlipidemia caused dysfunction with changes in ventricular parameters, but curcumin could to improve some LV contractile parameters such as systolic pressure and increase diastolic pressure (P≤0.05). Curcumin could not significantly reduce the infarct size.
Conclusion: Curcumin may have an cardio protection effects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in normal and hyperlipidemic rats.
*Corresponding Author: Mohsen Foadoddini;
Emails: foadmohsen@yahoo.com
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