Showing 8 results for Khodadadi
B. Barikbin, M. Khodadadi, M. Azizi, R. Aliabadi ,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (October & January 2005)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Swimming in non-standard and unhygienic pools is one of the important health problems, which results in transmission of disease in swimmers. In case of unhygienic pools, diseases such as conjunctivitis, swimmer foot itching, skin diseases, typhoid disease, trachoma and fungal diseases may
occur. The present study was aimed to evaluate the microbial and physicochemical circumstances of five public swimming pools in Birjand.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, bacteriological and physicochemical parameters of five active public swimming pools (four outdoors and one indoor) were evaluated in summer. Five samples were collected from surface and deep parts of every pool every ten days for one month and sent under standard condition to a qualified laboratory for investigations. PH, temperature and free chlorine were examined in site, but alkalinity and turbidity as physico chemical parameters were evaluated in the laboratory. Bacteriological culture for coli forms; streptococcus and pseudomonas aeroginosa was performed. After recording the physicochemical and bacteriological in relevant forms, comparisons with the standards were undertaken and analyzed.
Results: pH in 56.6% samples was favorable. Free residual chlorine in 75% of samples was not satisfactory. Alkalinity and turbidity were satisfactory in 60% and 46.6% of samples, respectively. Temperature was favorable in microbial parameters in terms of most probable number (MPN) was at the standard level in 60%
of all samples from swimming pools. MPN was above the standard level in 25.5% of all samples. Pseudomonas aeroginosa was identified in 15.5% of the samples. No E.coli or entrococci were observed in samples.
Conclusion: Physicochemical and microbial parameters of the swimming pools in Birjand are not satisfactory and thus the environmental health department of Birjand must urge the management of swimming pools to improve the hygienic standards of the pools.
Maryam Khodadadi, Omolbanin Motamed Rezaei, Mehdi Jahani, Hadigheh Dorri,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (April 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In order to best use from traditional medicine, world health organization suggested hygiene in making products and traditional healing method. Considering the great importance of different types of drug distillates and different uses of traditional & industrial, the amount of fungal and bacteria pollution in sweat chicory, Tp and forty traditional essences was studied in Birjand shops. Materials and Methods: In this method 30 sample of traditional and industrial sweat chicory, Tp and forty traditional was selected from Birjand city for bacterial (total coli form, fecal coli forms) and fungal pollution and was transferred to laboratory and were analyzed according 7725-1 and 997 number standard of Iran. Results: Based on the results, in 1 case of TP and forty traditional essences fungus penicillium and sweat chicory aspergillus and penicillium fungi were isolated. In 80% TP and forty traditional essences & sweat chicory samples microbial pollution were detected and from these samples 20% sweat chicory and TP had coli form pollution & 20% TP and sweat chicory & forty traditional essences had fecal coli form pollution. 80% industrial samples of sweat chicory had microbial pollution and from these 100% had coli form pollution. Conclusion: According to the results, surveillance should be done more in various stages of preparation and distribution of these essences.
Ali Akbar Taghizadeh, Maryam Khodadadi, Taher Shahriary, Hadighe Dorri, Mahla Zaferanieh, Rasoul Khosravi,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (July 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Discharge of industrial wastewater containing hexavalent chromium into the environment can have harmful effects to the types of organisms. So, chromium should remove before discharging to the environment with an effective method. The purpose of this study of is hexavalent chromium removed with Peganum harmala granular seeds(PGS).
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, The removal of hexavalent chromium with using PGS, with changes in time, pH, adsorbent dose, initial concentration of chromium and mixing speed was performed in the environment chemistry laboratory in Birjand University of Medical Sciences School of Public Health. Experiments were performed in batch reactor in flasks on Shaker. For chromium(VI) determine was used UV/VIS Spectrophotometer T80+ at a wavelength of 540 nm. Data were analyzed with Excel software.
Results: The results of these experiments showed that the most removal of hexavalent chromium occurred in pH equal to 1.5 and optimum adsorbent dose was 10 grams per liter. Because of the active site of absorption is low. Increasing the initial concentration of chromium removal decreased with increasing initial concentration of Cr(VI). On the contrary, chromium removal efficiency increased with increasing of contact time and mixing speed.
Conclusion: So, we can result the PGS remove hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution effectively.
Mohammad Hamed Hosseini, Maryam Khodadadi, Hadighe Dorri,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (April 2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Sewage of non-metallic and mineral industrials such as tile and ceramic contain a large amount of heavy metals (e.g. Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb) and minerals which can cause problems such as contaminating underground water and polluting the environment. Thus, the present study was done to evaluate heavy metals concentration in the effluent and sludge of the tile factory in Birjand.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive analytical study, 36 samples were taken from six pools in June 2010 (18 samples from the effluent and 18 samples from the sludge). Analysis of the rate of the heavy metals in the samples was done on the basis of the procedures mentioned in 3010 Standard Method book.
Results: It was found that mean concentration of the heavy metals Zn, Cr, Cd, and Pb in the effluent samples was 0.135±0.235, 0.21±0.022 , 0 ,and 0.064± 0.017 mg/l respectively. These concentration levels were less than permissible standards of the Iranian Environmental Protection Agency. But, in sludge deposited on the bottom ponds, concentration of the heavy metals Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb was 3160±278.15, 1493.52±352.95, 22.18±17./55 , and 1139.11±737.5 mg/kg respectively. That is, the concentrations of Cd and Zn were less than those in the American EPA Standards, but Pb and Cr concentrations were more than EPA Standards to permit the use of sludge in the land.
Conclusion: It was revealed that in the effluent of tile and ceramic industries heavy metals concentrations are higher than environmental standards, which require more supervision and surveillance of the environmental agencies.
Maryam Khodadadi, Hadigheh Dorri, Abbas Ali Ramazani, Marziyeh Edalatian, Aghdas Maleki, Zahra Assari,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (July 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Heavy metals such as lead and cadmium are toxic and carcinogenic compounds that are absorbed through the skin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the amount of lead and cadmium heavy metals in bulk branded cosmetic bags (mascara and tattoo) distributed in Birjand.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, by referring to the Birjand cosmetics and health center union and by using a simple random sampling method, the 12 centers are selected and by referring to them, 63 samples of mascara and eyebrow tattoos were selected. Due to the limited number of eyebrow cosmetics brands, all existing brands were sampled. The lead and cadmium levels of the samples were determined using acid digestion and atomic absorption. Data were analyzed using statistical tests of Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney.
Results: The mean lead concentration in mascara and tattoos was 51.8-227.4 μg / g and 37.5 ± 313.6 mg/g, respectively, and in all samples, the concentration of cadmium was zero. There was a significant difference among the different tattoo samples in terms of concentration of lead (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between mascara samples (P=0.761).
Conclusion: Due to unauthorizedly, the concentration of lead heavy metal in conventional cosmetic products and also no significant difference among famous brands, sufficient awareness of the risk of large amounts of such substances is necessary.
Aliyeh Hossein Nezhad, Maryam Khodadadi, Ali Naghizade, Negin Nasseh, Soheila Chavoshan,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (October 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The residuals of drug are belonging to emerging pollutants. Drugs and their metabolites should be removed from water resources due to potential risks and their toxicities for humans and the environment.These materials are not completely eliminated by the conventional methods of water and wastewater treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the removal of acetaminophen using single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes from aqueous environments.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the effect of different parameters such as: pH, initial concentration of acetaminophen, adsorbent dose, time of touch and mixing speed were investigated in acetaminophen removal by single-wall and multi-wall carbon nanotubes. The adsorption isotherms of Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Rudeshkuvich and BET and pseudo-first and pseudo-second order adsorption kinetics were also investigated. Acetaminophen concentration was measured by spectrophotometer at (λ max=258 nm).
Results: The result of the experiments showed that single-wall and multi-wall carbone nanotubes could be able to removal 38.59% and 28.24% of acetaminophen at time=45 min , PH=7. With increasing the dose of nanotubes, the removal percentage increased and absorption capacity decreased, Absorption process showed the highest correlation with Langmuir model and pseudo-second kinetics (R2>0.99).
Conclusion: The results showed that single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube adsorbents can be used as an effective adsorbent in the removal of acetaminophen from aqueous environments along with other treatment methods.
Aliyeh Hosseinnezhad, Maryam Khodadadi, Negin Nasseh,
Volume 27, Issue 1 (April 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Metronidazole is one of the antibiotics that are widely used and resistant to biodegradation, it is one of the most important pollutants in the environment. The purpose of the study was to examine the efficacy of the Electro-Fenton process for removing metronidazole from synthetic wastewater using iron electrode under operating different conditions.
Materials and Methods: The present study was an experimental, laboratory-scale study that was done discontinuously. The effect of soluble pH variables (11, 9, 7, 5, 3), initial concentration of metronidazole (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg/L), electrode spacing (0.5, 1, 2 and 3 cm), hydrogen peroxide concentration (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/L) and current intensity (1, 0.5, 0.3, 0.2 and 0.05 A) with the mixing rate of 100 RPM at ambient temperature was investigated. The reaction kinetics was also studied. The antibiotic concentration was read by UV/Vis T80 + spectrophotometer at 320 nm wavelength.
Results: The results showed that at optimum conditions (pH 7, 120 minutes, antibiotic concentration 20 mg/L, the hydrogen peroxide concentration 150 mg/L, inlet current intensity of 0.05 A and electrode spacing of 1 cm), The removal efficiency of metronidazole by Electro-Fenton process was 96.37%.
Conclusion: According to the results, it was found that Electro-Fenton with iron electrodes can be used as an effective method in the removal of metronidazole from aqueous solutions.
Mostafa Hosseinzadeh, Abbas Ali Ramezani, Ali Yousefinia, Maryam Khorashadizadeh, Ghaem Barati, Maryam Khodadadi,
Volume 28, Issue 4 (January 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aims: The Coronavirus has become a global pandemic that has affected most countries in the world. Hairdresser salon as a public place can transmit infectious diseases, such as AIDS, hepatitis as well as viral, fungal, and skin diseases that are often due to non-compliance with hygiene principles. This study aimed to investigate the observance of health instructions regarding the prevention and control of Coronavirus disease in men's hairdresser salons in Birjand, Iran, in 2020.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 145 hairdresser salons in Birjand were selected through the random sampling method. The data collection tool was a checklist that was prepared according to the guidelines of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 18) using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests at a significance level of ≤ 0.05.
Results: The findings showed that the total mean score of the observance of workplace health and hygiene guidelines was 24.28±2.52 and the average observance of health instructions in the field of health and personal protection, building hygiene, tool and equipment hygiene, and food hygiene were 13.73±2.08, 2.31±0.68, 7.22±0.64, and 1.01±0.11, respectively. Observance of health instructions was found to have a significant relationship with age and geographical region (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems necessary to train hairdressers in terms of observing health instructions. Moreover, men’s hairdresser salons should be continuously monitored by health experts.
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