Showing 17 results for Akbari
F. Akbari, H. Amirabadizadeh, A. Poor Reza, Y. Vagheie, R. Dastjerdi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (October & January 2005)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nurses have the most receivers of social- psychological stresses because of their sensitive profession. They are the most numbers of staff in health-care .who spend long time with patients. Due to their important caring roles, and in regard to the importance of preventing and controlling of stress for improving their efficiency of and in turn to reduce hospital expenditure, this research was aimed to study social-psychological stresses of nurses in Birjand teaching hospitals.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, we used a questionnaire with 85 questions that had been designed according to Likert Scale. The questionnaire was distributed between all nurses of Birjand teaching hospitals and was collected after they filled out. Data was Statistical tests; chi-square, Student-t, multifactor analysis of variance Tokay were applied using SPSS and SPLUS software's considering P=0.05 as the minimum statistical significance.
Results: This study was completed on 247 nursing staff, of which 83% were female, 47% had a record of service less 7 years, 68% had rotation shifts, 59% were nurses and technician nurses, 70% were official employees, and 81% were married. The average rate of stresses due to personal factors was 2.91, family factors 2.86, work conditional factors 3.51 and the total average rate of stresses was 3.11. It was also indicated that sex, age, record of service, educational level, employment status and rotation shifts had meaningful statistics in relationship to all stressful factors; 14% of nurses had low stress, 65% had average and 21% had high stress.
Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that the average rate of stress due to work conditional factors is more than personal and family factors. So managers and Correspondents should be regard to decreasing of stresses between nurse's cadres in hospitals.
H. Moodi, A. Akbari, F. Ghiasi, F. Moodi,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (January 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Only a few studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of ultrasound and duration of stretching on the enhancement of hamstring muscle flexibility. The purpose of this study was to determine the knee joint passive extension in male students with hamstring shortness and the effect of duration of stretching and ultrasound on the treatment of this deficit.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was performed in Zabol in 2005. Fifty students from a boys' intermediate school aged 12-14 years participated in the study through simple non-probability sampling. The subjects were randomly assigned to five treatment groups including ultrasound therapy, ultrasound therapy and fifteen seconds stretch, ultrasound therapy and thirty seconds stretch, only fifteen seconds stretch, and finally thirty seconds stretch. The range of knee joint passive extension (degree) as an indicator of hamstring muscle flexibility was measured before and after ten treatment sessions. The obtained data were analyzed at the significant level of PL0.05 using ANOVA and Student t-paired tests.
Results: Passive extension of the knee joint increased from 160.2±7.9 degrees to 163.3±7.5 degrees in the first group (P=0.001). In the second group it increased from 161.1±6.9 degrees to 166.5±5.9 degrees (P<0.0001); in the third group from 163.5±6.7 degrees to 171.2±5.9 degrees (P<0.0001), in the fourth group from 161±11.8 degrees to 164.4±11.3 degrees (P=0.005), and in the fifth group from 166.1±5.6 degrees to 171.1±4.8 degrees (P=0.001). There was not a significant difference between the five groups before (P=0.48) and after treatment (P=0.059).
Conclusion: It was found that hamstring muscle group flexibility increased in all the five remedial procedures. Although none of the procedures were significantly preferable to the rest in terms of increase in hamstring muscle group flexibility
M. Moodi, N. Zamanipour, Gh. Sharifzadeh, M. Akbari-Bourang, S. Salehi,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (January 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Puberty is one of the most critical period in a female adolescents' life. During this period, in addition to consideration of the girls' social problem and relationships, it is necessary to pay close attention to the health problems of puberty and get them aquainted with puberty health necessities. This intervening study aimed at evaluating the effect of educational program for puberty health on improving intermediate and high school female students' knowledge in Birjand.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 325 female intermediate and high school students were selected through randomized cluster sampling during several stages. Then, a self-set questionnaire including 20 questions, each having one point regarding puberty health, was distributed among them. After being filled out, the questionnaires were gathered. Following this, under a systemic educational plan all intermediate and high school selected students were given the same instruction by trained instructors. Instruction time for each meeting was estimated 1.5 hours. One month after the educational program and handing out the pamphlets in schools, the previous questionnaires were again distributed among the students to fill out, then, they were gathered. Those students who, for whatever reason, had avoided to fill out the questionnaires were omitted from study. At the end, 302 students who had filled out the questionnaires before and after intervention were studied. The obtained data were analysed by statistical paired Student t-test at significant level of P0.05.
Results: Out of 302 students, 151 were intermediate and 151 high school students. Knowledge level among intermediate students was estimated 5.033.7 before intervention and 10.84.8 after intervention. Among high school students, the scores were 4.12.3 and 8.73.8, respectively. There was a significant difference between pre-intervention stage and post-intervention stage in both groups (P<0.001). Also, mean knowledge grade in all the students under study increased from 4.63.1 before intervention to 9.74.4 after intervention (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Performing educational programs during puberty has a crucial role in young girls' knowledge increase. Since young girls often do not share their problems with their parents and their peers during the period, instructional classes in schools provide a good oppotunity for them to present their problems and finding solutions.
Mr. Miri, M. Akbari Bourang,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (April 2007)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Today, emotional intelligence has gained a particular importance. Various studies have been conducted in this field that reveal the role and importance of emotional intelligence in people’s various aspects of life such as education, employment, and living conditions. Therefore, the present study was performed aiming at surveying the correlation between emotional intelligence and school anxiety among high school students of south Khorasan.
Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive study of correlation type in which the correlation between emotional intelligence and school anxiety among second and third grade high school students majoring in humanities, practical science, and mathematics was surveyed. The study covered 670 cases that had been selected through multi-stage random sampling from Birjand, Qaen, Darmian, Khoosf, Nehbandan, and Sarbisheh. Data collecting were made by using prevalent standardized questionnaires including Sheering emotional intelligence standardized questionnaire and Phillips school anxiety questionnaire. Analyzing the data were performed by SPSS, using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and statistical regression tests at the significant level of P≤0.05.
Results: The findings of the study showed that there was a significant correlation between emotional intelligence and school anxiety at P<0.01 level. Among all components of emotional intelligence (self-awareness, self control, social alertness, communication skill) there was significant correlation at P<0.01 level. Also, all components of emotional intelligence have a significant effect in predicting the variable of criterion. The mean scores of the subjects showed that there was significant differences only in components of social skills (P=0.001) and social alertness (P=0.007) regarding the gender of the subjects.
Conclusion: Regarding the findings of the study particularly the significant correlation between emotional intelligence and school anxiety, it seems that paying attention to emotional intelligence is very effective and valuable in improving mental health and eventually improving students’ educational performance. Therefore, in addition to including relevant lessons, it is suggested that teachers also take required trainings in this field.
F. Rezaei Talab, H. Akbari,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (October 2007)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Bronchial anthracosis is due to entrapment of carbon, silica, quartz and other particles in pulmonary mucosa, submucosa, and inside macrophages. Lesions have a black appearance in bronchoscopy and may be accompanied with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between anthracosis and tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: This is an epidemiologic descriptive study all the patients who under went fiberoptic bronchoscopy in Mashhad Imam Reza hospital from September 2003 to September 2005.Sample of bronchopulmonary lavage of every patient was taken and, in order to get the respective smear and process the culture to identify tuberculosis bacillus, was tested. The obtained data was analysed by means of SPSS statistical software, statistical tests chi-Square, and t-test and P≤0.05 was taken as the significant level. Results: Totally, 1000 patients were evaluated and according to bronchoscopic findings anthracosis was diagnosed in 225 cases. Of these, 58.7% were males and 41.3 females. Mean age was 65.45 ±12.05 years. Pulmonary tuberculosis was demonstrated in 57 (25.3%) of patients while 44 cases (5.7%) of patients without anthracosis had tuberculosis. Thus, pulmonary tuberculosis was significantly more prevalent in patients with anthracosis (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Bronchial anthracosis is one of the notorious symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) thus, in patients with anthracosis and pulmonary symptoms, pulmonary TB should be taken into consideration. This would be an appropriate guide in the prevention and treatment of the patients. On the other hand, regarding that pulmonary tuberculosis is still one of the health problems of the present century caring about its risk factors and coexistant conditions including anthracosis in patients having pulmonary symptoms is recommended.
Asghar Akbari, Hesam Moodi, Raziye Ghanad,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (April 2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Postural abnormalities of the scapula and the shoulder regions predisposes individuals to chronic pain. Because of improper position of primary school students, who are growing, the risk of adopting abnormal postures is common. In order to establish appropriate strategies to prevent these impairments, having accurate information about them is necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of postural shoulder impairments in 10-12 year old students in primary schools of Zahedan in 2005.
Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty-three primary school students ranging between 10 and 12 years were recruited to this study through multiple-stage cluster sampling. In order to measure the symmetry of shoulders a checkered board having 1sq centimeter boxes was used and another one with a red line in the center for protruded shoulders. For the assessment of scapular symmetry, the distance between inferior angles of the scapula to the seventh thoracic vertebra was measured by using Kibler test at 0, 45 and 90 degrees of shoulder abduction. The obtained data was analyzed by means of SPSS software using descriptive statistical tests e.g chi square and Fisher’s exact test.
Results: The level of dominant shoulder (89.7%) was higher than that of non - dominant shoulder in right - handed students. Scapular asymmetry was not at “0” (P=0.42) and “90” (P=0.3) degrees of shoulder abduction in dominant shoulders of right-handed students. Rounded shoulder was seen in 56.2% of students. In 61.6% of 10 year old students shoulders were protracted more than normal (P=0.002). No relationship was observed between writing activities at home (P=0.92) and at school (P=0.81) with developing rounded shoulder.
Conclusion: It was found that long term standing of primary students at abnormal positions, because of flexibility of musculoskeletal system, leads to developing protracted shoulders. The results also support the effectiveness of instructing students in adopting correct postural position when carrying a bag, and while writing to prevent shoulder postural impairments.
Majid Akbari, Fatemeh Velayati Moghaddam, Amir Ahmadi, Reza Afshari,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (January 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Amalgam is used in dentistry cautiously, due to the toxicity of mercury in dental amalgam. Dentists are exposed to mercury vapor in their routine occupational practice, which can be harmful to their health. The aim of the present study was to measure urinary mercury concentrations in general dentists and restorative specialists in Mashhad in 2010. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and analytical study was performed on 45 general dentists, 10 restorative specialists, and 70 controls without any exposure to mercury. A 20 ml urine sample was taken from each of the cases before each one's routine occupational practice. Mercury concentration of urine was measured by means of an atomic absorption spectrometry. The obtained data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Duncan tests, and SPSS software (V: 11.5) at the significant level α=0.05. Result: Mean (SD) urine mercury level of general dentists was 9.26± 2.70 µg/l and 9.13± 1.73 µg/l in general dentists and the restorative specialists, respectively and 1.84± 1.73 µg/l in the control group. There was no significant difference between urine mercury level of the general dentists and restorative specialists (P=0.833). Urine mercury levels of general dentists and restorative specialists were greater than that of the control group (P=0/000, P=0/001, respectively). Conclusion: Although the urinary mercury concentrations in dentists is higher than that in the control group, it does not reach the toxic level.
Asghar Akbari, Parvane Jahanshahi Javaran,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (April 2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Submaximal training of lumbar stabilizing muscles decreases both pain and disability in patients with mechanical low back pain. However, these effects have rarely been studied where segmental stability has been compromised. The purpose of the present study was to compare lumbar muscle specific stabilization exercises with general exercises in the reduction of pain and disability in patients with spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.
Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was performed in Zahedan in 2009. Twenty-four patients with spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis were randomly assigned to either a stabilization (n=12) or a general exercise group (n=12). Before and after intervention, the extent of pain was assessed through Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), lumbar lordosis using a flexible ruler, range of lumbar flexion applying Modified Schober test, and disability severity by means of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). A 24 thirty minute session exercise program lasting for 12 weeks, twice each week, were performed by both groups. The obtained data was fed into SPSS software (V:17) using statistical tests culmograph smear novo, Levin, independent T ,and paired T and analysed at the significant level P<0.05.
Results: Mean pain decreased from 6.1±2.5 to 2.7±2.5 in the stabilization group (P<0.0001) and from 6.3±1.8 to 3.3±1.3 in the general group (P=0.003). Besides, mean disability decreased from 33.4±9.03 to 9.12±5.1 in the stabilization group and from 32.5±6.12 to 18.52±4.68 in the general group (P<0.0001). Pain reduction (P=0.012) and function improvement (P<0.0001) was significant in stabilization group compared with the general one.
Conclusion: The results showed that stabilization exercises are more effective than the general ones in decreasing pain and improving function.
Saeed Akbari, Ataollah Azhdari, Gholam Reza Sharifzadeh,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (April 2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In the present study, the possibility of probiotic yoghurt production using Artemisia sieberi hydro- alcoholic extract and also the effects of different concentrations of this medicinal herb on the survival of two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis, in probiotic yoghurt were investigated.
Materials and Methods: In different treatments, the amounts of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 gr/lit of Artemisia sieberi extract together with conventional yoghurt starter, Bif. lactis and lact. acidophilus were added to 1 liter of boiled milk. The samples were incubated at 37˚centigrade, and then, the acidity and pH changes every two hours during the incubation period were examined up to approximately 80˚ of the survival of probiotic bacteria was tested during the storage of the samples in the refrigerator. On the tenth day, after yoghurt production, all the samples were examined for sensory evaluation using a panel test and the obtained data was analyzed by means of SPSS software (V:19).
Results: There was no significant difference in the acidity and pH changes during the production process of probiotic yoghurt in different treatments. The probiotic yoghurt containing 0.4 gr/lit of Artemisia hydro-alcoholic extract had the best quality in terms of organoleptic properties and shelf life of the product. During 21 days storage in the refrigerator none of the treatments showed the number of probiotic bacteria less than 106 bacteria in gram.
Conclusion: It was found that appropriate concentrations of Artemisia sieberi extract can be used for the production of probiotic yoghurt, as a new functional food containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifodobacterium lactis.
Fatemeh Naderi, Mohsen Ayati, Mohammad Akbari Boorang, Majid Zare Bidaki,
Volume 25, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the strategies to reduce the stress in college students is efforts and planning (resources management) and time management-study location and attitude of the students. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine time and place management, resource management and the attitude of students using mobile learning in Birjand University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study. Students operating room technology in Ghaen and Ferdows faculties formed the study population which included 43 individuals. Initially, the electronic book of medical microbiology was installed on the mobile phones of students in the test group. In addition to traditional course delivery, some part of learning content was also sent to this group in the form of SMS. Data collection tool was a self-regulation learning strategies questionnaire (MSLQ). Structured interviews and data analysis was used to measure students' perceptions of mobile learning.
Results: The results showed that the use of mobile phones to deliver course content can have quite a significant impact on time and place management of the study and on resource management(efforts and planning) (p < 0.005). Most students were interested in using mobile phones as learning tools and suggested to combine this method of course delivery with other conventional methods.
Conclusion: Using a mobile phone as a new tool for learning content delivery has a positive impact on both on time and place management of the study and on resource management (efforts and planning). It can be useful for effective learning for medical students.
Mohsen Ayati, Mohammad Akbari Boring, Freshteh Paydar, Soraya Roudi Aliabadi,
Volume 25, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the goals of learning the English language is communication with others. But despite the fact that Iranian students have been learning languages for many years, few are successful in acquiring relative skills in the English language. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of syllabus-based English language teaching on students’ English language motivation, attitude and self-efficacy.
Method: This study is conducted using an exploratory mixed methods approach. Of the 202 students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences who selected general language course, thirty medical students were selected through convenience sampling. Data was gathered using Gardner's questionnaire on attitude and motivation in learning English and Wang’s questionnaire on self-efficacy in learning English. The quantitative analysis was done through paired t and the qualitative analysis was performed via qualitative and interpretive content analysis based on Heidegger’s model including three steps of open, centralized, and axial coding steps.
Results: The results obtained from the quantitative data showed that the general English course has no effect on students’ English language motivation, attitude and self-efficacy. analyzing the qualitative data revealed that students overall believed that the general English course has not any effect on English language motivation, attitude, and self-efficacy.
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that the teaching methods, design and planning of the English language course and the methods of evaluation and implementation of it require a fundamental change. Considering the key role of the professor, attention to the ability of the professors of the English language course is necessary.
Mohammad Reza Raeisoon, Yahya Mohammadi, Hassan Amirabadi Zadeh, Narjes Akbari , Mohammad Saeedzadeh,
Volume 25, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Academic achievement is one of the important indicators in the evaluation of higher education system. in this regard, problem-solving skills are among factors influencing students’ academic achievement. the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between problem-solving skills and academic achievement of students at Birjand University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytic, correlational study in which 342 students studying at Birjand University of Medical Sciences were selected via a stratified random sampling method in the academic year of 2016-17. the data collection tools comprised of a demographics form, Hepner & Petroson Standardized Problem Solving Questionnaire, and students’ total GPA scores as indicators of academic achievement. Data analysis was performed by SPSS18 using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage), Pearson correlation test, independent t-test, and, analysis of variance.
Results: The majority of participants in this study (58.5%) were girls. Based on Pearson correlation test, there was a significant positive correlation between problem-solving and academic achievement. There was also a statistically significant difference between the students' GPA scores in terms of gender and student's faculty (P <0.001). But the score was not found significant differences between male and female students' problem-solving.
Conclusion: Given the direct relationship between problem-solving and academic achievement of students, it is suggested that teachers put the learner in a position of solving problems rather than forcing them to rote learn concepts, methods, and rules so that they can see themselves in the real scene and face the problem and solve it.
Narjes Akbari, Elnaz Rangin, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (April 2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Oral health is one of the components of primary health care and the principles of an important part in the prevention of tooth decay. The present study has been designed to examine oral health in staff and teaching hospitals of Birjand University of Medical Sciences in 1395.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study on 385 staff and teaching hospitals of Birjand University of Medical Sciences carried out who were selected by stratified proportion sampling method. For data collection, WHO Oral Health Questionnaire was used. The questionnaire assessed 29 questions for oral hygiene (9 behavioral questions, 10 questions dental problems and 10 questions for other areas of oral health). Data were collected and then entered and analyzed with SPSS version19 software (Manvitni test, Kruscal valice test and p<0.05).
Results: 95.6% of employees used a toothbrush that 70.6% brushed at least once a day and 50.6% use dental floss. 76.4% visited a dentist at least once a year and the main reason for referral was treatment and dental pain and the average of oral health behavior score from 9 points was 7.49±1.1 and problem score from 10 points was 1.41±1.6 and the problem score mean in those with under high school education level is significantly higher than other educational groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that staff and hospitals of Birjand University of Medical Sciences had favorable status and therefore oral problems were little.
Maryam Gandomi, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh, Narjes Akbari, Narges Gandomi, Masoud Delpasand, Ensiyeh Nowruzi,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (July 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Mothers are the main key to improving the oral health of children, and their beliefs in this area are very influential on the way children's oral care works. The aim of this study was to determine the status of knowledge, attitude and performance of mothers about the preventive behaviors of dental caries in 4-6 year old children based on integrated behavioral model.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytic cross sectional study was conducted on 275 mothers with 4-6-year-old children referring to Birjand Comprehensive Health Services Centers in 2018. They were selected through randomized multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the constructs of the integrated behavioral model, whose validity and reliability were checked and verified (Cronbach's alpha=0.99). Data were analyzed by SPSS software (Version 19) using one-way ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc test, linear regression and Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results: Mean score of mothers' knowledge was 5.03±2.48 and mean score of mothers' performance was 2.64±2.11. There was a positive and significant correlation between performance scores and the mean scores of different constructs of the integrated behavioral model (P<0.001). Regression analysis indicated that the variables of knowledge and behavioral control were effective variables on performing preventive behaviors of dental caries.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, knowledge and behavioral control constructs was predictor of the preventive behaviors of dental caries. It is suggested that this model be used to examine other health behaviors.
Leila Moghtader, Bahman Akbari,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (October 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: More than 90% of hearing-impaired children have hearing parents and their parents do not know how to communicate with these children. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of education communication skills on emotional regulation, resilience and marital satisfaction of mothers of hearing- impaired children.
Materials and Methods: The research was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with the control group. The statistical population were the mothers of hearing-impaired children under 7 years old in Rasht that was referred to the Pejvak Deafness Clinic in 2017. 40 mothers were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (20 people) and control (20 people). Granofsky Emotional Regulation Questionnaire, Conner & Davison (CD-RIS) and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (ENRICH 47) they were used as research tools. The effective communication skills education program, 8 sessions for mothers in the intervention group were held and the control group received no education. Descriptive statistics including: frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and standard error for data description were used and also chi-square, independent t-test, paired t-test, Levin, eta squared, covariance analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Box were used for data analysis at the significant level of 0.05.
Results: The results showed that communication skills education led to significant differences in the post test of the experimental group and the comparison of the meanings showed an increase in resiliency, emotional regulation and marital satisfaction in the experimental group (p <0.01).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that by education of effective communication skills, it is possible to increase in marital resilience and marital satisfaction, as well as emotional regulation in the children with hearing-impaired children was obtain.
Hamid Reza Riasi, Ayob Akbari, Zahra Ahani, Sayed Mohammad Musavi Mirzaee,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (January 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Headache is the most common reason for referring to a physician. Therapeutic approaches of this condition include the treatment of the acute attacks and prevention of future attacks. In this regard, this study aimed to investigate the effect of three medications, namely levetiracetam, sodium valproate, and nortriptyline on the control of migraine headaches in patients with migraine referred to Birjand Neurology Clinic, Birjand, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted based on a quasi-experimental research method. According to the physician, 120 migraine patients were divided into three groups of levetiracetam (a daily dose of 250 mg), sodium valproate (500 mg), and nortriptyline (25 mg) for four weeks. A questionnaire was used to collect the demographic characteristics of the patient. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16) through the chi-square tets, paired t-test, and ANOVA.
Results: The patients (n=120) were divided into three groups of 40 cases per group. The mean age of the patients was 33±11 years, and the majority of the cases (53.3%) were female. In total, 46.7% of the cases had severe headache before taking these medications; however, none of them experienced severe headache after taking the medicine. It should be noted that 77.5% of the patients experienced mild headache. The group taking levetiracetam showed the greatest decrease in headache intensity (P=0.01).
Conclusion: According the results, levetiracetam appears to be more effective than the other two medications, especially sodium valproate, in terms of the mitigation of different degrees of headache.
Narjes Akbari, Sarvenaz Zare Mehrjardy, Masoud Yousefi,
Volume 29, Issue 2 (Aug 2022)
Abstract
Today, due to the high prevalence of infectious diseases and the risk of infection transmission in dental clinics, the control of infectious agents is critically important in dentistry. Given the importance of proper autoclave performance in dental processes, the aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of autoclave devices in the sterilization process using biological methods in dental clinics in Birjand. In this analytical cross-sectional study, all 65 dental clinics in Birjand were included. After collecting the questionnaire about equipment sterilization process and the characteristics of the autoclave, a vial containing spores of Geobacillus stearothermophilus was used for biological monitoring of autoclave devices. At the end of the autoclave cycle, the biological vials were incubated for 24-48 hours at 55 °C. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square or Fisher exact tests in SPSS 18 software. Among 46 clinics (71%) participating in this study, 36 clinics (83.7%) used class B autoclave. Out of 34 (77.3%) clinics that monitored the performance of the autoclave, 24 clinics (70.5%) used the chemical method, 6 clinics (17.5%) used the physical method and 4 clinics (12%) used biological methods. In the biological monitoring of the autoclave sterilization process in this study, the performance of one autoclave (2.2%) was reported to be inappropriate and this had a significant relationship with the number of autoclave uses. Despite the fact that biological monitoring of autoclave performance was not carried out in many dental clinics in Birjand, the results of this study showed that the autoclaves of a large number of dental clinics had good performance in the sterilization process. Given the importance of validating autoclave performance in dental processes, the quality control of autoclave devices in dental clinics can be taken into consideration.
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