It is well established that seafood is an excellent source of a large variety of nutrients including high-quality protein. In addition to the high-quality protein and micronutrients provided, fish is the primary source of long chain omega-3 fatty acids which are found in oil of fatty fish. The importance of nutrients in fish and fish oil in health maintenance, and promoting normal nutrition for growth, and development has been documented in medical studies. In addition, fish and fish oil have been shown to lower the risk of progressive chronic disorders (e.g. cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory disease) and may be useful in disease treatment. This review article will succinctly review current and in-depth information on these topics.