, ,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (10-2003)
Abstract
T. Kermani, Ar. Sabzari, M. Zardast, Ar. Varasteh,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2004)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent malignancy in men, which affects health, economy, and social life. The ability to predict accurately, after prostatectomy, would increase optimization of disease management, because the presence or absence of basement membrane (BM) and reticular fibers are as important as cell lines in detecting of benignancy and malignancy of cancers. This study was designed to assess the condition of the BM and reticular fibers in stroma in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and adenocarcinoma of prostate.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, prostate tissue samples were obtained from pathology department of Emam Reza Hospital of Birjand University of Medical Sciences. On the whole, 8 cases with BPH and 6 cases with Adenocarcinoma of prostate were used in the research.
The samples were sectioned to 5μ thickness. One out of 10 per sections was stained with H-E in order to obtain histologic diagnosis, and the others stained with silver-methenamine to detect BM.
Results: The bengin and malignant tissues showed different reaction patterns against Ag nitrate. In the malignant samples, BM and reticular fibers were not observed at newly formed periacinar and cell cords. In a few stroma between the acinars, continuous, arginophil, and thick membrane was formed. BM reticular fibers, in benign samples were thin and discontinuous expanding to stroma arginophil fibers.
Conclusion: The study showed that BM pattern is different in bengin and malignant samples, a point that is important in detecting of doubtful cases. And probably newly formed periacinar BM would restrict the malignancy distribution. We suggest these available and special BM staining methods to detect benignancy and malignancy in various tumors and the presence of BM in periacinar and pericellular areas would also be used.
Sh. Semnani, S. Besharat, N. Abdolahi, Gh. Roshandel, A. Danesh, A. Hosseini, D. Roshandel, Mj. Kabir,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (7-2005)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cancer registration based on hospital information, clinically and partaclinically derived data from health centers and labs, may have some shortcomings in recording all cancer cases, especially in the developing countries. Thus, in this study we tried to assess the possibility of using public
data concerning cancer incidence among their relatives as a complementary source of community-based cancer registration.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, along with the annual census in rural areas in March 2004 a survey was performed in Golestan province to identify public awareness about cancer incidents in their community. People were asked about history of cancer in their close relatives during the last five years. Those who reported cancer in their relatives were also asked to name the main organ that was involved. A similar list was retrieved from the cancer registry by the department of health in Gorgan and cases with upper GI (esophagus and gastric) cancer diagnosis, from 2002 to 2003, were selected for the study. Finally, these two lists were matched to examine the accuracy of the collected data. For the statistical analysis of the collected data in these two years (i.e. 2002 VS 2003) Chi- Square test was employed and P<0.05 was accounted significant.
Results: We included 137 upper GI cancers with rural residential and known address into our study. Out of 137 cancer cases only 35 (%25.5) cases were reported by the relatives and among them only 20 (%57.1) relatives correctly reported the location of the tumor. Although we found a difference in correctly reporting cancer incidents by year of diagnosis (more correct cases during the second year than the first year), it was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: We found that taking history from relatives is not a reliable source of information for cancer registration and recommend a nationwide cancer registry to record all cancer related information at the time of diagnosis. This strategy will reduce the need for performing retrospective surveys to collect cancer related information.
Ghh Mahmoodi Rad, F. Fotoorchi, M. Mogharab, Sh. Karbasi, Mr. Tavakoli,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (7-2005)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cancer is the second leading cause of death after heart disease in the United States. Colorectal cancer is the 4th most common cancer in the world. Nearly one million new cases per year of this disease occur worldwide. High levels of physical activity are associated with reduced risk of some cancers such as colon and breast cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the physical activity habits of patients with colorectal cancer.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was performed in selected wards (radiotrapy, chemotrapy, surgery, cancer clinic) of teaching hospitals in Tehran. A total of 170 patients were selected through a conventional sampling, and their demographic and physical activity habits were determined by completing a questionnaire. Chi-square and fisher exact test were used to analyze the data.
Results: Among 170 studied patients, 55.9% had colon cancer and 44.1% rectum cancer, 72.9% of the total patients had 6-10 hours physical activity per day and 71.2% had no recreational physical activity in their daily program. Eighty one per cent of the patients with colon cancer and 76% of the patients with rectum cancer had undesirable physical activity. There was a significant correlation between physical activity habit and age (P<0.05), education (P<0.001), and occupation (P<0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is recommended that people with low occupational activity such as carpet weaver must spend some time daily on recreational physical activities.
S. Amooeian, N. Taiebi-Meibodi, M. Farzadnia, D. Omidvar-Tehrani,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (7-2005)
Abstract
T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the first known human retrovirus which belongs to oncovirus family. The virus has limited geographical prevalence and the north of Khorasan is one of the areas with endemic virus (2.3-3%). Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a malignant proliferation of the activated CD4+ T lymphocytes and is only found in patients belonging to areas where retrovirus HTLV-1 is an endemic infection. Regarding the rare prevalence of ATLL in the infected people (2%-4%) and also the rare involvement of the liver during its course and the fact that it may wrongly be taken as other liverinvolved diseases, a case of liver-involvement during ATLL is reported here. A 55 year old man with positive HTLV1 and involvement of liver during ATLL, who was admitted due to suffering from fever, anxiety, abdominal fullness, and anorexia. By means of sonography several hypoechoic foci were found the in liver. On microscopic examination of liver mass sample, infiltrations of large polymorphic lymphoid cells within sinusoids were seen. In immunohistochemistry with immunoperoxidase modality, CD45 RO (Tlymphocyte marker) was positive and CD20 (B lymphocyte marker) was negative. In PCR, we observed Tax and Env genes related to HTLV-1 in the tumoral cells of liver tissue.
S. Amooeiyan, M. Farzad Niya, N. Tayyebi-Meibodi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (3-2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas in adults, ranging in incidence from 9.8% to 16%, which is recognized through the presence of lipoblast cells. It reaches its peak incidence during the fifth and seventh decades of life in males. It develops predominantly in the lower extremity and retroperitoneum; also, there are some other uncommon localizations as well. Classification of liposarcoma is based on five histologic categories that generally reflect the degree of differentiation including well- differentiated, myxoid, round cell, differentiated, and pleomorphic liposarcoma. The present study was aimed at evaluating parameters such as age, sex, localization, and approximate incidence of liposarcoma among patients in three University Medical Centers in Mashhad.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study of 10 years (1992-2002), all specimens sent to pathology laboratories, Imam Reza specialized clinic, Imam Reza and Ghaem hospitals; plus all soft tissue sarcoma samples- which diagnosed as liposarcoma were reviewed statistically.
Results: Among 115 (0.12% of all specimens of soft tissue sarcoma) 26 (25%) items were liposarcoma (16males, 10 females). Patients' age ranged between 16 and 77 years; mostly between 40 and 49. The most commonly site was lower extremity; and uncommon localizations were mediastinum, posterior of tongue, nasopharynx , labia majora, and esophagus. Histologically, the most common subtype and predominant
pattern of liposarcoma was myxoid.
Conclusion: On the basis of this study, Liposarcoma is a relatively common neoplasm in our region. Regarding the possibility of liposarcoma incidence in any site of the body, it is recommended to think of liposarcoma in your differential diagnoses when you observe a mass having cells similar to lipoblasts.
Besides, since histological subtype is the most important prognostic factor, it is better to classify liposarcoma as far as possible. Because some samples represent a combination of two or three kinds (mixed typeliposarcoma), multiple sampling from different sites of the tumor is recommended.
D. Farrokh, B. Zandi, , J. Hashemi,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (12-2006)
Abstract
Breast hematoma is common after trauma, surgery, or biopsy. Sometimes there is no history of trauma and hematoma can occur in patients with hematologic diseases or coagulation disorders. Breast hematoma may present mamographically as an ill-defined density or spiculated mass mimicking a carcinoma. In this report, a 48-year old woman who underwent mammography because of a painless palpable node in the right breast is introduced. Mammography revealed an irregular spiculated lesion, 25 mm in diameter, without microcalcifications in the upper inner quadrant of the right breast which seemed to be a malignant tumor. Ultrasonography of the right breast showed a non homogeneous hypoechoic nodule with irregular margins. Surgery and local excision revealed breast hematoma. Breast hematoma must be thought of as a differential diagnosis for a breast mass, regardless of previous trauma, surgery or hematologic disorders. Occasionally, the late squeal of a breast hematoma may resemble a carcinoma with spiculated lesion
N. Tayebi Meibodi, M. Farzad Nia, S. Amoueian, B. Memar, D. Arab, M. Esbalani,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (3-2007)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Transitional cell carcinoma of bladder (TCC) is a relatively common cancer among the males. The tumor progression is associated with expression or modulation of several gene products that control apoptosis and proliferation. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between tumor expression of p53 and TCC histologic grade.
Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, the data regarding 35 cases with bladder carcinoma diagnosed at the pathology laboratory of Emam Reza Hospital- retrieved from the hospital records– was analyzed. Sections from paraffin-embeded tissues were retrieved and stained for p53 oncoprotein using immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques. P53 oncoprotein results in relation to tumour grade were analyzed statistically at the significant level of P≤0.05. Results: Among 45 patients 39 cases (87%) had transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) 4 cases (9%) squamous cell carcinoma and 2 cases (4%) anaplastic carcinoma. Out of 39 cases with TCC, 9 (23.1%) were grade I, 14 (35.9%) grade II and 16 (41%) grade III. After IHC staining, over expression of P53 was found in 4 (44.4%) of 9 patients with grade I, 10 (71.4%) of 14 patients with grade II and 15(93.8%) of 16 Cases with grade III. The number of p53 positive was 29 cases (74.4%) out of 39 patients and was significantly higher in high-grade TCC (P= 0.026).
Conclusion: Regarding the results of the study, the accuracy of immunohistochemistry technique to diagnose P53 mutation seems to be around 90%. However, to obtain better results assessing a study with larger number of patients is recommended.
Sa. Mir Shemirani, S. Shariat Torbaghan, M. Pour Afkari, M. Emami Al-E-Agha, F. Seifi, L. Panahandeh,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (3-2007)
Abstract
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare tumor with unknown etiology which usually occurs in children and adolescents. It is composed of myofibroblastic spindle cells intermixed with inflammatory cells. Our case was a 15-year-old boy presented with fever, weight loss, anemia and epigastric mass. Radiographic studies showed periduodenal mass with duodenal compression and mild mucosal thickening. Sonography and duodenal biopsy were not contributory. In laparatomy, a peri-duodenal mass with duodenal adhesion was seen during the resection, perforation of duodenum and extrahepatic bile duct occurred. Consequently, duodenostomy and anastomosis of bile ducts were performed. On histological examination, IMT was diagnosed. Manifestation resolved after the removal of the mass and he remained free of recurrence within three years after discharge. Based on the fact that IMT is now generally considered to be a potential neoplasm, clinicians must consider it and it should be added to the list of differential diagnoses of anemia and abdominal mass. In addition, despite benign histological features, a risk of aggressive behaviors of the tumor,a long term clinical and radiological follow up of the patients is necessary.
N. Tayyebi Meibodi, S. Amooeian, Ar. Khoei, F. Farhadi,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (10-2007)
Abstract
Calcified amorphous tumor of the heart (cardiac CAT) is a rare non- neoplastic cardiac mass with unknown pathogenesis, 12 cases of which have been reported so far. This report presents a 73 year old woman with chest pain complaint continuing since last year. Workup revealed left atrium mass of posterior wall origin . The specimen was a solid calcified nodule with firm consistency and 2.5cm in diameter. Microscopic examination revealed fibrohyalinizing lesion with extensive calcium deposits, chronic inflammatory infiltration and blood elements.The lesion is diagnosed as calcified amorphous tumor of the heart.
Mh. Sadeghian, N. Sharifi, H. Ayatallahi, M. Khajeh Daloei,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (6-2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Angiogenesis is essential in the progression and metastasis of solid tumors. It has been proved that increase in angiogenesis within primary solid tumors is actually associated with nodal metastasis and risk prognosis of some malignancies. In contrast, regarding hematologic neoplasms very limited studies have been done. The goal of the present study was to determine MVD (Microvessel density) in acute leukemia and compare it with MVD in normal tissues.
Materials and Methods: In this study 30 cases with acute leukemia and 30 normal controls were selected. These had been diagnosed and archived in the pathology department of Mashhad Ghaem hospital .Their blocks and slides were prepared and examined. After their final approving, the paraffin blocks were thinly sliced and the slices were immunohistochemically stained for VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) Immunohistochemical slides were evaluated for hot spots of MVD in the tissue in the microscopic field of vision with 400 times magnification.
Results: MVD or angiogenesis in acute leukemia was 20.2% which was obviously more than that in the controls (6.9%).The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Angiogenesis in acute leukemia is significantly higher compared with the controls (who had normal tissues).But there was no significant difference between acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
M. Lamyian, Ar. Heidarnia, F. Ahmadi, S. Faghihzadeh, M. Aguilarvafaie,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (10-2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among Iranian women. Early diagnosis of the disease is vitally important in successful treating of it and reducing its mortality and care-cost burden. In our country,the major causes of mortality and other unfavorable complications of the disease are due to late referring of women. So far, the nature of this behavior has not been studied. The present qualitative study was done on a number of Tehran women to clarify the concepts of breast cancer control and prevention and factors affecting this procedure. Materials and Methods: A content analysis with a qualitative approach (Grounded Theory) was conducted in depth on 31 women through semi-structured (individual and group) interviews. Data collection continued to saturation point .Data analysis was done by means of constant comparative analysis method, using theoretical sampling and constant comparison analysis Results: The study was done on 31 females aged 49±8.05, of whom 54.8% were in employment and 45.1% were housewives. Education level was average in 48.3% of the cases and 27% of them were married. Individual and social factors were the two effective categories that shaped the women’s behavior , which regarded women’s early detecting behavior and respective factors were classified into 3 categories: Inappropriate attitude toward behavior, Inadequate risk-perception , and inefficient perceived data. The mentioned concepts are the same obstacles and frustrations which may occur in detecting breast-cancer behavioral procedure, together with a shade of subjective behavior. Conclusions: Controlling is a multidimensional concept which has individual and social aspects but individual intentional rate is higher. After final analysis of the obtained data, inappropriate attitude towards control and prevention of breast cancer was taken as the central variable and conscious persuasion was recognized as the corrective factor. Health promotion of women, who make up half of the active population of the country, is one of the requirements of stable development and planning appropriate methods to warn women of health risks is among health education missions. The indispensable factor in this respect is attention to women's attitude construct and qualitative studies seem to define behavioral situations better than quantitative methods and, thus, help planning educational interventions. Therefore, it is suggested that defining the concept of breast-cancer control and prevention according to routine quantitative methods and comparing it with the results of the present study should be taken into account.
F. Haghighi, S.a. Saadatjoo, F. Fanoodi, M. Taherian,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (12-2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the first steps in diagnosing neoplasms is their epidemiological study. Being aware of the epidemiological condition of different kinds of neoplasms can help us a lot in educational planning and research and cure the disorder as necessitated in a certain area. The present study was done to epidemiologically investigate the neoplasms in woman’s internal genital system in Birjand between 1996 and 2006. Materials and Methods: This analytical and descriptive study was done on 2979 biopsy dossiers of the internal genital system of women who had referred to Birjand pathology labs between 1996 and 2006. The dossiers whose pathological reports were benign and malignant neoplasms, preneoplasic damages, and ovary physiologic cyst were selected from the biopsy dossiers. Then a check-list, which demanded demography information, sampling place and time, pathological diagnosis, primary diagnosis, and the damaging process, was filled out. Finally, the obtained data was analysed by means of SPSS software using Chi-Square and t-test at the significant level of P≤0.05. Results: Most Pathologic cases were found in patients aged between 40 and 59 years (47%). Most of the patients (79.9%) who were studied were urbanites. The number of the cases of the malignant neoplasma in rural areas was twice that of urban areas, and the number of the cases of preneoplasic damages in villages was three-fold. The most malignancy rate of women’s internal genital was that of the cervix. In uterus, most cases of benign neoplasms were leiomyoma, and most cases of preneoplasic damages were complete moles and the majority of the cases of malignant neoplasms included adenocarcinoma. But the most cases of benign preneoplasic tumors were endocervical polyps. The most number of malignant tumors were Squamous Cell carcinoma (SCC). Out of ovary pathogenecity, 73.1% were physiologic cysts from which 50.7% were luteal ones. In addition, adult teratoma, as the most percentage of benign neoplasms, amounted to 30.7% and epithelial carcinoma, as the most percentage of malignant tumor, reached 53.5%. Thus, it was found that the frequency of malignant cases gradually increased during this period of 10 years (from 2.3% in 1996 to 21% in 2006). Conclusion: Regarding the high frequency of cervical malignancies, studying risk factors such as marital age, number of pregnancies, socioeconomical status, and infections are very necessary. Moreover, planning to do right and accurate screening of women especially in rural areas is of critical importance.
M. Moghimi, Sa. Marashi, F. Kamani, A. Kabir,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (12-2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a useful way of assessing axillary nodal status and obviating the need for axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in patients with breast cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of the SLN biopsy in the correct prediction of ALN involvement. Materials and Methods: Thirty three patients with breast cancer that had been operated in Ayatollah Taleghani and Mehr hospitals in Tehran were enrolled in a prospective study. In these patients, at first SLN biopsy and then ALND was performed. SLN was found via radionuclide scintigraphy and blue dye during the surgery. Both SLN and ALN involvement were assessed by a pathologist. Results: Mean age of the cases was 52.03±8.4. Accuracy of SLN in predicting ALN involvement was 90.91% (Confidence Interval: CI=95%: 77.88%-96.60%), sensitivity was 92% (Confidence Interval =95%: 75.03%- 97.78%) and specificity was 87.5% (CI =95%: 52.91%-97.76%). Conclusion: Success rate of SLN finding was high so SLN biopsy can be used to determine the stage of breast cancer in hospitals and the centers which have these equipments.
A. Fazlinezhad, A. Azari, L. Bigdeloo,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (3-2009)
Abstract
Primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma usually presents as a rapidly growing mass inside the heart chambers or myocardium. Most prevalent symptoms are arrhythmia, treatment-resistant heart failure, pericardial effusion and embolic strokes. However, secondary lymphomas are mainly infiltrated inside the heart tissue. This article is a case report of a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in a 12 years old boy whose clinical manifestations were palpitation, exertional dyspnea, weight loss and constitutional symptoms. Due to worsening of symptoms beside medical treatments, and mass obstructing right ventricle filling, urgent cardiac surgery was preformed. Mid-sternotomy was done and epicardial pacemaker was implanted. After pericardiotomy and during biopsy, hypotension and cardiac arrest was happened that was not reversed after long CPR. Post mortem biopsy was compatible with lymphoblastic lymphoma.
M Latifpour, A Mohammadipour,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (10-2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Morphine is frequently used for patients suffering cancer in their end stages to relive pain. However, there are conflicting reports suggesting morphine to promote tumor growth and reduce survival rate in cancerous animal models or induce necrosis and apoptosis in the tumor cells. In the present study, we studied the effect of morphine on proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line (A549). Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, after culturing A549 line cells, a suspension of 105 cell/ml was obtained. Then a concentration of 104 cell/100µl was added to each 96 wells of the plates. The wells were then categorized into three groups including control (containing no morphine), morphine 10 (containing10µm morphine) and morphine 30 (containing 30µm morphine). After 24h of incubation, the proliferation of A549 cells were examined using WST-1 cell counting Kit and Eliza method. Results: Morphine induced proliferation in lung tumor cells there was a significant association between increase in dose of morphine and rate of cell proliferation. Mean absorption dose in the group recieving 30µM of morphine (1.82±0.18) was significantly different from those recieving 10µM ( 1.52±0.08) or no morphine ( 1.44±0.09) ( P<0.05). Conclusion: Rate of cell proliferation is increased with increasing doses of morphine in lung cancer. We propose use of morphine with more caution in lung cancer patients.
Gh.r Sharif Zadeh, M Hosseini, T Kermani, M Ataiee, S.h Akhbari,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (10-2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the first cause of cancer deaths among women in the world. The present case-control study was designed to evaluate the risk factors among the patients in South Khorasan province, Iran. Materials and Methods: In a case control study, 85 patients with breast cancer who were diagnosed during 2006 and 2008 at imam Reza hospital (birjand) were compared with 85 healthy women referred to radiology departments of Vali Asr hospital (birjand). The two groups were matched by age, job and literacy. Risk factors and demographic information were collected through a review of medical records, face to face interview and completing a questionnaire after coordination with regional health care centers. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Positive familial history of breast cancer, smoking and addiction, neglecting breast self-examination (lack of heath awareness) and painful milk secretion during breast feeding period increased the risk of developing breast cancer. Conclusion: Life style changes can be considered as one of the interventions which can prevent breast cancer development. Accordingly, regular breast self-examination can help in early detection of breast cancer in people with positive family history of breast cancer.
S Khodai, R Dastgerdi, F Haghighi, S.a Sadatjoo, A Keramati,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (10-2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the most common complications of cancer is subsequent psychological problems including depression, reduced vital function, and increased risk of mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on decreasing depression among patients with cancer in Birjand city. Materials and Methods: This research was a semi-experimental study including pre-test, post-test and control group in which the statistical society consisted of patients with cancer who referred to Imam Reza hospital in Birjand. The samples included 24 patients with cancer who were selected based on DSM-IV distinctive standard and Beck depression inventory. The case group were treated by cognitive-behavioral therapy in 12 session of 1.5 hours, and the control group received no psychiatric therapy. The data were analyzed by T-Test and covariance analysis using version 15.00 of SPSS software. Results: After treatment, depression in the case group decreased to 8.58±7.38 which was statistically significant (P<0.001) however depression in the control group (28.33±11.87) did not change. Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral group therapy plays an important role in decreasing depression in patients with cancer. Psychological intervention can help patients to change their cognition by decreasing depression and enable them to have a more positive belief in controlling themselves against dependency.
Mehdi Sadeghi Shermeh, Abbas Ebadi, Masoud Sirati Nir, Marzieh Azadian,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (5-2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nausea and vomiting are the most common side effects of chemotherapy. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of ice massage applied to the pericardium 6 (P6 or Neigaun) acupuncture point on nausea– vomiting due to chemotherapy in cancer patient. Materials and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial one- blind, 114 patients were randomly divided into three groups. Ice massage group were massaged gently on the skin around P6 point of the hand with ice cube into a wet gauze pad for 7 minutes twice a day with 12-hours interval for 24 hours by the patient. Placebo group were massaged with wooden cube and the control group received no interventions. Nausea and vomiting in three groups rated by Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis (MANE) Questionnaire in 4 periods of time in 24 hours was used for the assessment of nausea and vomiting. Results: There were significant decreases in the frequency of nausea (P<0.01) and vomiting (P<0.03) and a decrease in the intensity of nausea (P=0.63) and vomiting (P=0.34) in the case group. Frequency of nausea was significantly lower among placebo group than the control group (P<0.02). Conclusion: Ice massage on Neigaun point is effective on reducing the frequency of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients. Placebos, patient-practitioner relationship, suggestion, and the patient's view on nausea and vomiting and the role of interaction between the therapist and the patient is effective to some extent.
Reza Ghaderi, Mahmood Zardast, Mohammadreza Mofateh,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (12-2012)
Abstract
Pilomatrix carcinoma is a very rare adenexal tumor which originates in the hair matrix cells and is marked by exophytic growing and common local recurrence, but the metastatic potential is limited. It was first described in 1980 by Lopansri and Mihm, and since then about 90 cases have been reported in the literature. There is no established treatment for the wide local invasion and metastasis of the pilomatrix except wide surgical resection. The case reported here was a 9-year-old boy with Pilomatrix carcinoma presented with a hard mass on the forehead but with normal overlying skin.
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