Volume 28, Issue 2 (July 2021)
J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2021, 28(2): 139-146 |
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Salari Seddigh S, Daneshdar F, Tavasoli A, Sadeghi M, Hakimizadeh E, Fatemi I. Microscopic examination of the effect of bromelain on the healing of tooth extraction sockets in an animal model. J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2021; 28 (2) :139-146
URL: http://journal.bums.ac.ir/article-1-2890-en.html
URL: http://journal.bums.ac.ir/article-1-2890-en.html
Somaye Salari Seddigh1 
, Fateme Daneshdar2 , Alireza Tavasoli3 , Mostafa Sadeghi4 , Elham Hakimizadeh5 , Iman Fatemi * 6
, Fateme Daneshdar2 , Alireza Tavasoli3 , Mostafa Sadeghi4 , Elham Hakimizadeh5 , Iman Fatemi * 6
1- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
2- Dental Student, Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
3- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
4- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
5- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
6- Research Centre of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran , imanfatemi@gmail.com
2- Dental Student, Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
3- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
4- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
5- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
6- Research Centre of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran , imanfatemi@gmail.com
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ABSTRACT
Background and Aims: Bromelain is a substance derived from pineapple and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bromelain on the healing of tooth extraction sockets in an animal model.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed on 24 male rats. After anesthesia, the first maxillary molar tooth was extracted with minimal damage using a hemostat. The rats were randomly divided into two groups, namely control and bromelain. In the bromelain group, the rats were orally administered by gavage with a 500 mg dose of bromelain that was dissolved in water twice a day for 2 days, while the control group received no medications. On the 3rd and 10th days after the surgery, 6 rats were killed per group each day. Afterward, the maxillae of rats were removed and slides were prepared from their dental sockets. The slides were examined by light microscope for histopathological variables (mean of macrophages, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, neutrophils; granulation tissue extent and angiogenesis and bone cells).
Results: The results showed that the angiogenesis and granulation tissue extent increased significantly in the bromelain group, compared to the control group, on the 3rd day (P<0.05). Also, bromelain administration significantly increase the the number of fibroblasts (P<0.01), granulation tissue extent (P<0.05) and angiogenesis (P<0.05) in 3rd day of the experiment in comparison with the 10th day.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that bromelain accelerates the process of wound healing after tooth extraction.
Background and Aims: Bromelain is a substance derived from pineapple and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bromelain on the healing of tooth extraction sockets in an animal model.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed on 24 male rats. After anesthesia, the first maxillary molar tooth was extracted with minimal damage using a hemostat. The rats were randomly divided into two groups, namely control and bromelain. In the bromelain group, the rats were orally administered by gavage with a 500 mg dose of bromelain that was dissolved in water twice a day for 2 days, while the control group received no medications. On the 3rd and 10th days after the surgery, 6 rats were killed per group each day. Afterward, the maxillae of rats were removed and slides were prepared from their dental sockets. The slides were examined by light microscope for histopathological variables (mean of macrophages, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, neutrophils; granulation tissue extent and angiogenesis and bone cells).
Results: The results showed that the angiogenesis and granulation tissue extent increased significantly in the bromelain group, compared to the control group, on the 3rd day (P<0.05). Also, bromelain administration significantly increase the the number of fibroblasts (P<0.01), granulation tissue extent (P<0.05) and angiogenesis (P<0.05) in 3rd day of the experiment in comparison with the 10th day.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that bromelain accelerates the process of wound healing after tooth extraction.
1- Zadik Y, Sandler V, Bechor R, Salehrabi R. Analysis of factors related to extraction of endodontically treated teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008; 106(5): e31-e5. DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.06.017
2- Baeyens T. Wound care guidelines and formulary for community nurses. J Wound Care. 2000; 9(3): 106-8. DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2000.9.3.25963
3- Devlin H, Garland H, Sloan P. Healing of tooth extraction sockets in experimental diabetes mellitus. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1996; 54(9): 1087-91. DOI: 10.1016/s0278-2391(96)90166-4
4- Lin WL, McCulloch CA, Cho MI. Differentiation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts into osteoblasts during socket healing after tooth extraction in the rat. Anat Rec. 1994; 240(4): 492-506. DOI: 10.1002/ar.1092400407
5- Maurer H. Bromelain: biochemistry, pharmacology and medical use. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2001; 58(9): 1234-45. DOI: 10.1007/PL00000936
6- Brien S, Lewith G, Walker A, Middleton R, Prescott P, Bundy R. Bromelain as an adjunctive treatment for moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. J Assoc Physicians India. 2006; 99(12): 841-50. DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcl118
7- Arshad ZI, Amid A, Yusof F, Jaswir I, Ahmad K, Loke SP. Bromelain: an overview of industrial application and purification strategies. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2014; 98(17): 7283-97. DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5889-y
8- Spir LG, Ataide JA, De Lencastre Novaes LC, Moriel P, Mazzola PG, De Borba Gurpilhares D, et al. Application of an aqueous two-phase micellar system to extract bromelain from pineapple (Ananas comosus) peel waste and analysis of bromelain stability in cosmetic formulations. Biotechnol Prog. 2015; 31(4): 937-45. DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2098.
9- Taussig SJ, Yokoyama MM, Chinen A, Onari K, Yamakido M. Bromelain: a proteolytic enzyme and its clinical application. A review. Hiroshima J Med Sci. 1975; 24(2-3): 185-93. Link
10- Pavan R, Jain S, Kumar A. Properties and therapeutic application of bromelain: a review. Biotechnol Res Int. 2012; 2012: 976203. DOI: 10.1155/2012/976203
11- Wu S-Y, Hu W, Zhang B, Liu S, Wang J-M, Wang A-M. Bromelain ameliorates the wound microenvironment and improves the healing of firearm wounds. J Surg Res. 2012; 176(2): 503-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.11.1027
12- Golozar S, Namjouian F, Latifi SM, Mirahi A. Evaluating the effect of oral bromelain (pineapple) on episiotomy wound healing in primiparus women. Feyz. 2011; 15(2): 84-90. [Persian] Link
13- Peimani A, Keshavarz S, Eslammanesh T, Sheikh Fathollahi M. Comparison of 0.2 chlorhexidine gel and 10 betadine on healing of tooth socket in mice. J Mashhad Dent Sch. 2017; 41(4): 295-304. [Persian] DOI: 10.22038/JMDS.2017.9903
14- Araujo‐Pires AC, Mendes VC, Ferreira‐Junior O, Carvalho PSP, Guan L, Davies JE. Investigation of a novel PLGA/CaP scaffold in the healing of tooth extraction sockets to alveolar bone preservation in humans.Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2016; 18(3): 559-70. DOI: 10.1111/cid.12326
15- Hämmerle CH, Araújo MG, Simion M, Group OC. Evidence‐based knowledge on the biology and treatment of extraction sockets. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012; 23: 23 Suppl 5: 80-2. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02370.x
16- Pagni G, Pellegrini G, Giannobile WV, Rasperini G. Postextraction alveolar ridge preservation: biological basis and treatments. Int J Dent. 2012; 2012: 151030. DOI: 10.1155/2012/151030
17- Zarandi A, Faramarzi M, Kashefi-Mehr A, Ataie A, Rahbar M. Efect of Anaheal (Bromelain) Drug on the Periodontal Clinical Indices in Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment of Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clin Integr. 2018; 18(1): 4135. Link
18- Tassman G, Zafran J, Zayon G. A Double-Blind Crossover Study of a Plant Proteolytic Enzyme in Oral Surgery. J Dent Med. 1965; 20: 51-4. Link
19- Soheilifar S, Bidgoli M, Hooshyarfard A, Shahbazi A, Vahdatinia F, Khoshkhooie F. Effect of Oral Bromelain on Wound Healing, Pain, and Bleeding at Donor Site Following Free Gingival Grafting: A Clinical Trial. Front Dent. 2018; 15(5): 309-16. Link
20- Maluegha DP, Widodo MA, Pardjianto B, Widjajanto E. The effects of bromelain on angiogenesis, nitric oxide, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 and-9 in rats exposed to electrical burn injury. Wound Med. 2015; 9: 5-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.wndm.2015.08.002
2- Baeyens T. Wound care guidelines and formulary for community nurses. J Wound Care. 2000; 9(3): 106-8. DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2000.9.3.25963
3- Devlin H, Garland H, Sloan P. Healing of tooth extraction sockets in experimental diabetes mellitus. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1996; 54(9): 1087-91. DOI: 10.1016/s0278-2391(96)90166-4
4- Lin WL, McCulloch CA, Cho MI. Differentiation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts into osteoblasts during socket healing after tooth extraction in the rat. Anat Rec. 1994; 240(4): 492-506. DOI: 10.1002/ar.1092400407
5- Maurer H. Bromelain: biochemistry, pharmacology and medical use. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2001; 58(9): 1234-45. DOI: 10.1007/PL00000936
6- Brien S, Lewith G, Walker A, Middleton R, Prescott P, Bundy R. Bromelain as an adjunctive treatment for moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. J Assoc Physicians India. 2006; 99(12): 841-50. DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcl118
7- Arshad ZI, Amid A, Yusof F, Jaswir I, Ahmad K, Loke SP. Bromelain: an overview of industrial application and purification strategies. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2014; 98(17): 7283-97. DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5889-y
8- Spir LG, Ataide JA, De Lencastre Novaes LC, Moriel P, Mazzola PG, De Borba Gurpilhares D, et al. Application of an aqueous two-phase micellar system to extract bromelain from pineapple (Ananas comosus) peel waste and analysis of bromelain stability in cosmetic formulations. Biotechnol Prog. 2015; 31(4): 937-45. DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2098.
9- Taussig SJ, Yokoyama MM, Chinen A, Onari K, Yamakido M. Bromelain: a proteolytic enzyme and its clinical application. A review. Hiroshima J Med Sci. 1975; 24(2-3): 185-93. Link
10- Pavan R, Jain S, Kumar A. Properties and therapeutic application of bromelain: a review. Biotechnol Res Int. 2012; 2012: 976203. DOI: 10.1155/2012/976203
11- Wu S-Y, Hu W, Zhang B, Liu S, Wang J-M, Wang A-M. Bromelain ameliorates the wound microenvironment and improves the healing of firearm wounds. J Surg Res. 2012; 176(2): 503-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.11.1027
12- Golozar S, Namjouian F, Latifi SM, Mirahi A. Evaluating the effect of oral bromelain (pineapple) on episiotomy wound healing in primiparus women. Feyz. 2011; 15(2): 84-90. [Persian] Link
13- Peimani A, Keshavarz S, Eslammanesh T, Sheikh Fathollahi M. Comparison of 0.2 chlorhexidine gel and 10 betadine on healing of tooth socket in mice. J Mashhad Dent Sch. 2017; 41(4): 295-304. [Persian] DOI: 10.22038/JMDS.2017.9903
14- Araujo‐Pires AC, Mendes VC, Ferreira‐Junior O, Carvalho PSP, Guan L, Davies JE. Investigation of a novel PLGA/CaP scaffold in the healing of tooth extraction sockets to alveolar bone preservation in humans.Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2016; 18(3): 559-70. DOI: 10.1111/cid.12326
15- Hämmerle CH, Araújo MG, Simion M, Group OC. Evidence‐based knowledge on the biology and treatment of extraction sockets. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012; 23: 23 Suppl 5: 80-2. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02370.x
16- Pagni G, Pellegrini G, Giannobile WV, Rasperini G. Postextraction alveolar ridge preservation: biological basis and treatments. Int J Dent. 2012; 2012: 151030. DOI: 10.1155/2012/151030
17- Zarandi A, Faramarzi M, Kashefi-Mehr A, Ataie A, Rahbar M. Efect of Anaheal (Bromelain) Drug on the Periodontal Clinical Indices in Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment of Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clin Integr. 2018; 18(1): 4135. Link
18- Tassman G, Zafran J, Zayon G. A Double-Blind Crossover Study of a Plant Proteolytic Enzyme in Oral Surgery. J Dent Med. 1965; 20: 51-4. Link
19- Soheilifar S, Bidgoli M, Hooshyarfard A, Shahbazi A, Vahdatinia F, Khoshkhooie F. Effect of Oral Bromelain on Wound Healing, Pain, and Bleeding at Donor Site Following Free Gingival Grafting: A Clinical Trial. Front Dent. 2018; 15(5): 309-16. Link
20- Maluegha DP, Widodo MA, Pardjianto B, Widjajanto E. The effects of bromelain on angiogenesis, nitric oxide, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 and-9 in rats exposed to electrical burn injury. Wound Med. 2015; 9: 5-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.wndm.2015.08.002
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases
Received: 2020/07/22 | Accepted: 2021/03/8 | ePublished ahead of print: 2021/06/19 | ePublished: 2021/06/20
Received: 2020/07/22 | Accepted: 2021/03/8 | ePublished ahead of print: 2021/06/19 | ePublished: 2021/06/20
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