87 1607-2197 Birjand University of Medical Sciences 585 Physiology Evaluation of the effects of new synthetic methylquinolinone derivatives on glucose-induced insulin secretion from rats' isolated Langerhans islets Mansouri SMT b Shafiee-Nick R Naghizadeh B Parsaee H b Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 1 3 2010 17 1 1 10 08 03 2010 10 03 2016   Background and Aim: Selective PDE3 inhibitors, via cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation increase cardiac contraction and augment glucose-induced insulin secretion. In this study, the effects of some synthetic methylquinolinone derivatives (MC1-MC10) on glucose-induced insulin secretion in rats' isolated Langerhans islets model were investigated.   Materials and Methods: After the digestion of isolated pancreas using collagenase-IV, the isolated islets were collected manually under a stereomicroscope and were incubated in carboxyl buffer having 3mM glucose for 30 minutes. Then, they were incubated at 37°C presented to basal (3mM) and stimulatory (10mM) dose of glucose with or without different methylquinolinone derivatives and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) (as standard) in 100µM concentration. After 60 minutes of incubation, the secreted insulin was measured using a radioimmunoassay method.   Results: Glucose significantly increased insulin release with 10mM concentration in comparison with 3mM concentration (P<0.01). IBMX (100µM) significantly augmented glucose-induced insulin secretion (P<0.01). However, among the investigated ten compounds only MC7 and MC9 significantly increased glucose-induced insulin secretion (P<0.01) which was comparable with IBMX.   Conclusion: In spite of having similar structure, the effect of the test compounds (MC1-MC10) on insulin secretion varied widely which may be due to their tissue-specific effects. Finally, it is hoped that the ligands will probably be used in the treatment of diabetes in the future.
589 Physiology Effects of Walnut leaves aqueous extract on blood sugar and serum lipids in diabetic rats Divband Kh. f Komeili Gh.R. g Saeidi-Neek F. f M.Sc. in Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedn, Iran g Associated Professor, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran 1 3 2010 17 1 11 18 17 03 2010 10 03 2016   Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a disease which has affected about 3 million people in Iran. For many years, the use of Phytotherapy in medicine has been common. In the present study, the effects of aqueous extract of Walnut leaves on blood glucose and serum lipids in diabetic rats were investigated.   Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 adult male Wister rats (200-230g in weight) were chosen and randomly divided into three groups (experimental, diabetic control and healthy control). Diabetes was induced through the injection of stereptozotocin (60 mg/kg, IP) into the experimental case and diabetic control. Then, the experimental group received aqueous extract of Walnut leaves (400 mg/kg, PO) for four weeks. Finally, blood samples were taken and tested for glucose and lipids levels and the concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C and LDL-C in the serum was measured.   Results: Administration of aqueous extract of Walnut leaves extract caused a significant decrease in glucose (P=0.009), cholesterol (P=0.045), LDL-C (P=0.022), triglyceride (P=0.047) and a significant increase in HDL-C levels (P=0.045) in diabetic rats. Also, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (P=0.035) and total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio (P=0.006) in the treatment group significantly decreased compared with the control diabetic group.   Conclusion: Although it was found that aqueous extract of Walnut leaves has significant effects on decreasing blood glucose and lipids in diabetic rats, further work is necessary to elucidate the extent and mechanism of these changes. 591 Effect of blood sampling via saline lock on the validity of coagulation tests results Zand S. i Rezaie K. Koohestani H. i Instructor, Nursing Department, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran 1 3 2010 17 1 19 25 17 03 2010 10 03 2016   Background and Aim: In cases under heparin therapy, frequent blood samples must be taken for coagulation tests. Therefore, samples from saline lock can be a useful means to decrease the pain of taking frequent blood samples. The purpose of this study was to find the effect of this method on the validity of coagulation tests results.   Materials and Methods: In this case-control study a convenience sample of 63 cardiac patients participated. The blood sample taken from saline lock was accounted as the case and that taken from the opposite arm was the control sample. In order to obtain blood from saline lock, a tourniquet was applied proximal to the saline lock devices, after the first 0.5 ml of blood withdrawn was discarded and the next 5 ml blood sample was gathered for coagulation tests analyses. Simultaneously, a venipuncture 5 ml sample drawn from the opposite arm was taken as the control. Both blood samples were analyzed for coagulation tests. Results were analyzed by means of SPSS version 11.5 and paired T-test.   Results: Among the cases under study 53.96% were men. The most common reason of admission was unstable angina (46.03%). There were no significant differences in mean coagulation values in the blood samples obtained through venipunctures and those drawn from saline locks (P>0.05).   Conclusion: According to the results of this study, vein saline lock catheter sampling is a reliable and proper method for coagulation tests and can be a good alternative method in those patients who need repeated blood sampling. 588 Histology Comparison between diagnostic results of cytology and frozen section with intraoperative histopathology Narouie B l Heirani Moghaddam H Jahantigh M Khazaee AR GhasemiRad M Shikhzadeh AS l General Physician, Researcher of Clinical Research Development Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran 1 3 2010 17 1 26 32 11 03 2010 10 03 2016   Background and Aim: Frozen section is a common intraoperative practice with the aim of determining the lesion as benign or malignant. The aim of this study was the comparison between diagnostic results of cytology and frozen section with intraoperative histopathology in Zahedan Ali Ebne Abitaleb hospital between 2007 and 2008.   Materials and Methods: In this prospective and analytical study the diagnostic value of intraoperative cytology and frozen section was applied to 100 consecutive biopsies. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were used as statistical tools for comparison, using routine histopathological examination as the gold standard. We used kappa and chi-square tests for statistical analysis using SPSS 14 software. P<0.05 was taken as the significant level.   Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values in intraoperative cytology were 70.5%, 93.75%, 92.3% and 75% respectively and for frozen section these were 58.8%, 100% , 100% and 69.6% respectively. There was a significant statistical agreement between these two methods (P=0.001).   Conclusion: The obtained data confirms the value of intraoperative cytology in the diagnosis of all mass lesions. This method can also be used as an alternative technique to frozen section in cases where there are no technical requisites or where the specimen is tiny and unfreezable. 590 Environmental Health Evaluation of fluorine concentration in drinking-water sources in South Khorasan (2008-2009) Shahriari T. Azizi M. Sharifzadeh Gh.R. Hajiani M. Zeraatkar V. Aliabadi R. Instructor, MS. in Environmental Health, Faculty of Environmental Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences .Birjand, Iran. 1 3 2010 17 1 33 41 17 03 2010 10 03 2016   Background and Aim: There are some traces of fluorine in people's diet and drinking water is its most important means of absorption. The standard 1053 of Iran Standard Institute and Industrial Research recommends the amount of fluorine in water between 0.6 and 1.7 mg/L, depending on temperature. This study was done to determine the amount of fluorine in drinking-water sources of the South Khorasan.   Materials and Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study, different samples of drinking water taken from the water sources in cities and villages of the South Khorasan during one year were analyzed by means of a Spectrophotometr set in a laboratory. The obtained data was statistically analyzed using SPSS software (version 11) at the significant level α=0.05   Results: Out of 314 samples, 46.8% were from urban areas and 53.2 % from rural areas. Mean fluorine concentration in the drinking water of the South Khorasan was 0.5208 ± 0.24 mg/L , but mean fluorine in the drinking water of urban areas was 0.4482 ± 0.15 mg/L and that of rural areas 0.5847 ± 0.27 mg/L. Thus, there was a significant difference between the amount of fluorine in cities and villages (P<0.001). Regarding the kinds of the sources, water-wells with 0.5519 ± 0.23 mg/L had the most amount of fluorine and fountains with 0.3333 ± 0.22 mg/L had the least amount. Birjand city with the average of 0.4790 ± 0.24 mg/L had the least amount of fluorine and Qayen with 0.5958 ± 0.21 mg/L had the most amount of fluorine.   Conclusion: The amount of fluorine in all water sources of South Khorasan is lower than the recommended minimum value, so it is an urgent necessity to try to solve the problem. 593 Health Education Study of health education effect on knowledge and attitude of high school female students regarding AIDS in Birjand during 2007 Sharifzadeh Gh.R. Moodi M. Zendehdel A. Instructor, Department of Social Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran 1 3 2010 17 1 42 49 22 03 2010 10 03 2016   Background and Aim: Regarding the decisive role of the youth in spreading the risk of infecting with AIDS, the only means of controlling the disease is education and increasing knowledge. ‏ Thus, the present study was planned with the aim of assessing the effect of an educational program on knowledge and attitude of high school female students regarding AIDS in Birjand.   Materials and Methods: This pre-post quasi-experimental study was done on 295 high school female students in Birjand. The method used was multiple-stage randomized sampling. A self-designed questionnaire on the basis of the goals of the study, whose content reliability had been approved by a number of efficient academic members was used. The mentioned questionnaires were filled out before educational intervention, and one month later. The obtained data was analyze by SPSS software at the significant level of α=0.05.   Results: The students' mean knowledge grade increased from 30.2±8.2 to 36.8±6.4 (P<0.001) and their mean attitude grade from 53.1±6.5 to 57.2±6.8 (P<0.001) after education. Before intervention 20% of the students had weak knowledge, 42% had average knowledge, and 38% of them had good knowledge but after intervention these percentages changed to 3.4% (weak), 22.4% (average), and 74.2% (good) respectively. Before intervention 1.4% of the students had weak attitude, 85.8% average attitude, and only 12.8% had good attitude. These percentages changed to 0.7%, 65.1%, and 34.2% after intervention respectively.   Conclusion: Since the effect of education on the promotion of students’ knowledge and attitude has been approved, implementing health education programs in schools must be taken into consideration as an educational priority on the part of health and education authorities throughout the country. 560 Health Education The Effects of “Theory of Planned Behavior” based education on the promotion of mammography performance in employed women Hatefnia E Niknami SH Mahmudi M Lamyian M Associate Professor, Department of Health Education, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2010 17 1 50 58 30 01 2010 10 03 2016   Background and Aim: Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy and major cause of death in women worldwide. Mammography is considered the most exact means to detect breast cancer in the earlier stage, which can reduce mortality of the disease. The current study aimed at evaluating the effects of an education program using the Theory of Planned Behavior on promoting mammography performance among employed women aged 35 years and over.   Materials and Methods: This survey was a quasi-experimental study which evaluated the effectiveness of an education program to promote attitudinal factors associated with early detection of breast cancer in 220 women aged 35 years and over, who were working in Tehran pharmaceutical factories. Means of data collection was a questionnaire. The obtained data was analyzed by mean of SPSS statistical software (version 11.5) using non-parametrical tests (Chi-Square, Mann-Whitney, McNemar’s, Wilcoxon) and P<0.05 was taken as the significant level.   Results: It was found that the mean score of knowledge, attitude, perceived behavioral control, intention and behavior in women regarding mammography in the case group significantly increased and the observed difference in the control group was not significant.   Conclusion: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior has an acceptable influence on promoting mammography behavior. It is, therefore, recommended that education programs apply the theory to promote mammography behavior (in women). 592 Microbiology A Botulism outbreak following a wedding in a suburban area of Mashhad, 2006 Afshari R. Habibiyan Nejad Z. Shafiei S. Sayyahnejezhad M. Dadras-Moghaddam D. Balali-Mood M. Assistant Professor of Clinical Toxicology, Medical Toxicology Centre, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 1 3 2010 17 1 59 65 22 03 2010 10 03 2016   Background and Aim: Botulism is an uncommon disease which induces symmetrical cranial nerve palsies followed by descending, symmetric flaccid paralysis of voluntary muscles, which may end in respiratory failure and death. In September 2006, following a wedding ceremony, which was held at a distance of 80 km southeast of Mashhad, a group of guests used a wide variety of home-made canned food.   Materials and Methods: All symptoms and signs of the patients referred to Toxicology Outpatient Clinic and Toxicology Ward of Mashhad Imam Reza Hospital were recorded as a daily routine from September 17th to October 3rd, 2006. Diagnosis was made with regard to exposure, clinical findings and response to antidotes.   Results: Mean age of 23 patients with botulism was 39.5 ± 17 yrs the youngest case was 14 years old and the oldest was 60. On admission, vital sings of the cases were normal. All patients, but one (due to hypersensitivity), received antidote and all patients recovered.   Conclusion: The frequency of symptoms is different in various outbreaks. The results of this study can be used for differentiation of clinical findings and surveillance within local health systems. 561 Embryology Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis associated with annular pancreas Resistance to prenatal gastric emptying as an etiological factor in Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis Raisolsadat MA Tabrizian F Yaghoubi MA Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran 1 3 2010 17 1 66 71 31 01 2010 10 03 2016   The etiology of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is still unclear. The case under study was a 28 day old boy apparently with Down syndrome who had been suffering from projectile vomiting for three days before admission without any defecation during this period. In physical examination, abdominal distention was observable but there was not a remarkable olive sign. Ultra-sonographic findings showed that pyloric channel length and muscle thickness were 28 mm and 4 mm respectively. For further evaluation, upper gastrointestinal radiography was done, which proved that there was a relative obstruction. Despite supportive treatment and complete resuscitation, vomiting did not stop. Since there was the clinical suspicion that the patient's problem was HPS, an operation was performed on him .In the operation it was found that annular pancreas coexisted with HPS. Pyloromyotomy Fredet-Ramstedt and pancreas bands release were performed. Three days after the surgery and following resuming oral feeding, the neonate was discharged in a good general condition. Occurrence of annular pancreas with HPS in the patient can suggest the existence of prenatal resistance to gastric emptying, as an etiologic factor in HPS. However, further study is needed to approve this hypothesis.