fa تأثیر تمرینات ورزشی بر سطوح فاکتور رشد عصبی و نوروتروفیک مشتق از یاخته‌های گلیال در بزرگسالان: یک مطالعه مروری فراتحلیل فیزیولوژی ورزشی Exercise Physiology متاآناليز Meta-analysis <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:9pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><a name="_Hlk184286650"></a></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف:</span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نوروتروفین‌ها خانواده‌ای از فاکتورهای رشد هستند که نقش مهمی در بقاء و عملکرد نورون‌ها ایفا می‌کنند. این مطالعه‌ فراتحلیل با هدف بررسی تأثیر تمرینات ورزشی بر سطوح فاکتور رشد عصبی (</span></span>NGF<span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) و فاکتور نوروتروفیک مشتق‌شده از یاخته‌های گلیال (</span></span>GDNF<span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) در بزرگسالان انجام شده است.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">روش تحقیق:</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> این مطالعه در قالب یک مرور نظام‌مند و فراتحلیل طراحی و جستجوی نظام‌مند در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی </span></span>PubMed<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، </span></span>Web of Science<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، </span></span>Scopus<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، </span></span>Magiran<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، </span></span>Irandoc<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، </span></span>NoorMags <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">و </span></span>Sid<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> برای شناسایی مقالات منتشرشده از 5 فروردین ماه 1380 تا </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">۱۵</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> تیرماه </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">۱۴۰۴ (۶</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> جولای </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">۲۰۲۵) </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">انجام شد. به‌منظور تعیین اندازه اثر، تفاوت میانگین وزنی (</span></span>WMD<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) به همراه فاصله اطمینان </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">۹۵ درصد</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> با استفاده از نرم‌افزار </span></span>CMA2<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> محاسبه گردید. ناهمگونی بین مطالعات با آزمون </span></span>I&sup2;<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> و سوگیری انتشار از طریق تحلیل بصری نمودار قیفی (</span></span>Funnel Plot<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) و آزمون (</span></span>Egger<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) ارزیابی شدند. همچنین، کیفیت مطالعات واردشده به فراتحلیل با استفاده از چک‌لیست </span></span>PEDro<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> بررسی شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">یافته‌ها:</span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">در مجموع </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">15 مطالعه (با 24 مداخله تمرین ورزشی) بر روی 459 آزمودنی بزرگسال </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">فراتحلیل شدند و نتایج نشان داد تمرینات ورزشی سبب </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">افزایش معنادار سطوح </span></span>NGF <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">]</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">001</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">/0</span></span>P<a name="_Hlk204624453"><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">=</span></a><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> ،(</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">063</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">/5 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">- </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">573/14</span></span>CI<span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">)</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">پیکوگرم/میلی‌لیتر 818/9 </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">=</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"> [</span>WMD <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">در افراد بزرگسال نسبت به گروه شاهد شد</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">. اما تمرینات ورزشی سبب تغییر معنادار سطوح</span></span> GDNF <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">]</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">310</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">/0</span></span>P<span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">=</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، (</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">094</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">/0- 296/0</span></span>CI<span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">)</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نانوگرم/میلی‌لیتر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;101/0 </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">=</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"> [</span>WMD<span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نشد.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتایج این مطالعه فراتحلیل نشان داد که تمرینات ورزشی موجب افزایش معنادار سطوح </span></span>NGF<span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> در افراد بزرگسال می‌شود، در‌حالی‌که تغییرات </span></span>GDNF<span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> پس از تمرین از نظر آماری معنی‌دار نبود. بنابراین، به‌نظر می‌رسد تمرینات ورزشی می‌توانند با افزایش </span></span>NGF<span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> در بهبود عملکرد عصبی نقش داشته باشند، هرچند برای بررسی دقیق‌تر اثر تمرین بر </span></span>GDNF<span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> به مطالعات بیشتری نیاز است.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <div> <table align="left" hspace="0" vspace="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="padding: 0in 12px; text-align: justify;" valign="top"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><a name="_Hlk200355634"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Background and Aims:</span></b></a> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="color:black">Neurotrophins are a family of growth factors that play a crucial role in the survival and functioning of neurons. This meta-analysis examined the effects of physical exercise on Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) levels in adults.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Materials and Methods:</span></b> <span style="font-size:11.0pt">This study was designed as a systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Magiran, Irandoc, NoorMags, and SID databases to identify relevant articles published from March 25, 2001, to July 6, 2025. To estimate the effect size, the weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (version 2). Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I&sup2; statistic, and publication bias was evaluated by visual inspection of funnel plots and Egger&rsquo;s test. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the PEDro checklist.</span></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Results:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> A total of 15 studies, including 24 exercise interventions involving 459 adults, were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that physical exercise significantly increased NGF levels [WMD = 9.818 pg/mL (95% CI: 5.063 to 14.573), P = 0.001] compared to the control group. However, physical exercise did not lead to a significant change in GDNF levels [WMD = 0.101 ng/mL (95% CI: &minus;0.094 to 0.296), P = 0.310].</span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></b> <span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that exercise training significantly increases NGF levels in adults, while changes in GDNF following exercise are not statistically significant. Therefore, exercise may improve neural function by elevating NGF levels; however, further well-designed studies are required to clarify its effects on GDNF.</span></span></div> بزرگسال, تمرین ورزشی, نوروتروفیک برآمده از یاخته‌های گلیال, فاکتور رشد عصبی Adult, Exercise Training, Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Nerve Growth Factor 266 284 http://journal.bums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3609-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Fatemeh Kazeminasab فاطمه کاظمی‌نسب fkazeminasab@kashanu.ac.ir 8700319475328460051491 8700319475328460051491 No Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, School of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران. Omid Zafarmand امید ظفرمند omidzafarmand2202@gmil.com 8700319475328460051492 8700319475328460051492 Yes Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, School of Humanities, University of Yasouj, Yasouj, Iran. گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران. Zahra Bagheri زهرا باقری zahrabagheri953@yahoo.com 8700319475328460051493 8700319475328460051493 No Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, School of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران.