Volume 28, Issue 3 (October 2021)
J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2021, 28(3): 222-235 |
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Research code: 21450
Ethics code: IR.IAU.MSHD.REC.1399.108
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Abdolamir Abdolsamad Halaf I, Tehranipour M, Mahmodzadeh Akharat H. Effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Ziziphora clinopodioides on apoptosis and alteration of caspase-3 and caspase-9 gene expression in anterior horn neurons of the spinal cord after sciatic nerve compression in male rats. J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2021; 28 (3) :222-235
URL: http://journal.bums.ac.ir/article-1-2993-en.html
URL: http://journal.bums.ac.ir/article-1-2993-en.html
1- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran
2- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran , maryam_tehranipour@mshdiau.ac.ir
2- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran , maryam_tehranipour@mshdiau.ac.ir
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1- Tehranipour M, Bahar ara J, Mostafaee M. The neuroprotective effect of CSF interaperitotoneal injection on alpha motor degeneration after sciatic nerve compression in rat. J Arak Uni Med Sci. 2009; 12(3): 101-8. [Persian]. Link
2- Tehranipour M, Javadmoosavi Z. The Neuroprotective Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Cannabis Sativa on Neuronal Density of Spinal Cord Alpha Motoneurons after Sciatic Nerve Injury in Rats. J Shahid Sadoughi Uni Med Sci. 2011; 19(3): 339-49. [Persian]. Link
3- Coleman MP, Conforti L, Buckmaster EA, Tarlton A, Ewing RM, Brown MC, et al. An 85- kb tandem triplication in the slow Wallerian degeneration (Wlds) mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998; 95(17): 9985-90. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.17.9985
4- Lebel-Hardenack S, Grant SR. Genetics of sex determination in flowering plants. Trends Plant Sci.1997; 2(4): 130-6. DOI: 10.1016/S1360-1385(97)01012-1
5- Zeinali H, Arzani A, Razmjoo R, Rezaee MB. Evaluation of Oil Compositions of Iranian Mints (Mentha ssp.). 2005; 17: 156-59. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2005.9698863
6- Salehi P, Sonboli A, Eftekhar F, NejadEbrahimi S, Yousefzadi M. Essential oil composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of the oil and various extracts of Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp. rigida (BOISS.) RECH. f. from Iran. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28(10): 1892-6. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.1892.
7- Basak S, Hoffmann A. Crosstalk via the NF-kappaB signaling system. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2008; 19(3-4): 187–197. DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2008.04.005
8- Aris A, Marrinhas E, Carvalho R, Dias C, Saavedra MJ. Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of ahaydroalcoholic Extract of Pterospartum tridentatum and Mentha Pulegium against Staphylococcus aureus Isolates. Biomed Res int. 2016; 2016:5201879.1-12. DOI: 10.1155/2016/5201879
9- Fadaei F, Zahedi L, Farahani Z, Ghasemzade N. Review of two version of declaration of Helsinki (2013 and 2008): challenges and changes. J Med Ethics Hist Med. 2016; 9 (3); 75-92. Link
10- Cicchetti E, Chaintreau A. Comparison of extraction techniques and modeling of accelerated solvent extraction for the authentication of natural vanilla flavors. J Sep Sci. 2009; 32(11): 1957-64. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800650
11- Tehranipour M, Attariyan F.The neuroprotective effect of stachys lavandulifolia Vahl leaves aqueous extract on the density of alpha neurons in anterior horn of spinal cord after sciatic nerve compression in rats. J shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2015; 17(2): 119-126. [Persian]. Link
12- Alikhanzade M, Tehranipour M, Khayatzade J. The study of effect of aquatic extracts of Achillea biebersteinii leave on repair alpha motoneurons after sciatic nerve injury in rat. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2013; 15(4): 16-25. [Persian]. Link
13- Razavi M, Tehranipour M, Khayatzade J .Effects of aqueous extract saliva chloroleuca leaves on degeneration alpha motoneurons in spinal cord after sciatic nerve compression in rat. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2014; 16(2): 22-30. Link
14- Behnam-Rasouli M, Nikravesh M, Mahdavi-Shahri N, Tehranipour M. Post-Operative time effect after sciatic nerve crush on the number of alpha motonrurons using asterio gical counting metod (Dissector). Iran Biomed j. 2000; 4(1): 45-9. [Persian]. Link
15- Sterio DC. The unbiased estimation of number and sizes of arbitrary particles using the disector. J Microsc.1994; 134(Pt 2): 127-36. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1984.tb02501.x
16- Atawodi S.E, Atawodi J.C, Dzikwi A. Polymerase chain reaction: Theory, practice and application: A review. 2011; Sahel Med. 2010; 13(2): 54-63. DOI: 10.4314/smj2.v13i2.64834
17- Jeon S, Kumar Jha M, Ock J, Suk K. Role of Lipocalin-2-Chemokine Axis in the Development of Neuropathic Pain following Peripheral Nerve Injury. J Biol Chem. 2013; 288(33): 24116-27. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M113.454140
18- Rowinsky E, Donehower R. The clinical pharmacology and use of antimicrotubule agents in cancer chemotherapeutics. Pharmacol Ther. 1991; 52(1): 35-84. DOI: 10.1016/0163-7258(91)90086-2
19- Hanz Sh, Fainzilber M. Retrograde signaling in injured nerve - the axon reaction revisited. J Neurochem. 2006; 99(1): 13-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04089.x
20- Mohamed A, Shoker A, Bendjelloul F, Mare A, Alzrigh M, Benghuzzi Het al. Improvement of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) by thymoquinone: an oxidative stress inhibitor. Biomed Sci Instrum. 2003; 39: 440-5. Link
21- Golshani S, Karamkhani F, Monsef Esfehani HR, Abdollahi M. Antinociceptive effects of the essential oil of Dracocephalum kotschyi in the mouse writhing test. J Pharma Pharmaceut Sci 2004; 7(1): 76-9. Link
22- De Sousa DP, Junior EV, Oliveira FS, De Almeida RN, Nunes XP, Barbosa-Filho JM. Antinociceptive activity of structural analogues of rotundifolone: structure-activity relationship. Z Nature Forsch [C] 2007; 62 (1-2): 39-42. Link
23- Stankiewicz AR, Lachapelle G, Foo CP, Radicioni SM, Mosser DD. Hsp70 inhibits heat-induced apoptosis upstream of mitochondria by preventing Bax translocation. J Biol Chem. 2005; 280: 38729–38733. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M509497200
24- Kang MH, Reynolds CP, Bcl-2 inhibitors: Targeting mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2009, 15(4): 1126-1132. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-0144
25- Goldar S, Shekari Khaniani M, Mansoori Derakhshan S, Baradaran B. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and roles in cancer development and treatment. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015; 16(6): 2129-44. DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.6.2129.
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ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Caspase family genes promote degeneration and are involved in apoptotic processes. The Ziziphora clinopodioides from the mint family (Lamiaceae) is one of the plants strong with anti-inflammatory effects and involved in the process of nervous system repair. The present study aimed to determine the effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Ziziphora clinopodioides on apoptosis and alteration of caspase-3 and caspase-9 gene expression after sciatic nerve compression in male rats.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, 24 male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly assigned to four groups (n=6 in each group): control, compression, treatment with aqueous, and treatment with alcoholic extracts at a dose of 75 mg/kg. The extract was injected intraperitoneally on compression day and seven days later. After 28 days, samples were taken from the lumbar spinal cord subsequent to performing the perfusion method, and the samples were studied in two ways. Thereafter, in each group, total RNA was extracted from the lumbar spinal cord, cDNA was synthesized; subsequently, the expression changes in caspases-3 and caspases-9 were compared.
Results: Based on the results, the number of neurons significantly decreased in the compression group, as compared to that in the control group, and demonstrated a significant increase in the aqueous extract group, in comparison with the compression group. Furthermore, the amount of caspases-3 and caspases-9 expression increased significantly in the compression group, compared to that in the control group. Moreover, caspase-3 and caspase-9 gene expression increased in the aqueous extract group, as compared to that in the compression group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: It seems that, the extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides has neuroprotective effects due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as phenolic and flavonoid compounds, such as pulegone.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, 24 male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly assigned to four groups (n=6 in each group): control, compression, treatment with aqueous, and treatment with alcoholic extracts at a dose of 75 mg/kg. The extract was injected intraperitoneally on compression day and seven days later. After 28 days, samples were taken from the lumbar spinal cord subsequent to performing the perfusion method, and the samples were studied in two ways. Thereafter, in each group, total RNA was extracted from the lumbar spinal cord, cDNA was synthesized; subsequently, the expression changes in caspases-3 and caspases-9 were compared.
Results: Based on the results, the number of neurons significantly decreased in the compression group, as compared to that in the control group, and demonstrated a significant increase in the aqueous extract group, in comparison with the compression group. Furthermore, the amount of caspases-3 and caspases-9 expression increased significantly in the compression group, compared to that in the control group. Moreover, caspase-3 and caspase-9 gene expression increased in the aqueous extract group, as compared to that in the compression group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: It seems that, the extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides has neuroprotective effects due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as phenolic and flavonoid compounds, such as pulegone.
1- Tehranipour M, Bahar ara J, Mostafaee M. The neuroprotective effect of CSF interaperitotoneal injection on alpha motor degeneration after sciatic nerve compression in rat. J Arak Uni Med Sci. 2009; 12(3): 101-8. [Persian]. Link
2- Tehranipour M, Javadmoosavi Z. The Neuroprotective Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Cannabis Sativa on Neuronal Density of Spinal Cord Alpha Motoneurons after Sciatic Nerve Injury in Rats. J Shahid Sadoughi Uni Med Sci. 2011; 19(3): 339-49. [Persian]. Link
3- Coleman MP, Conforti L, Buckmaster EA, Tarlton A, Ewing RM, Brown MC, et al. An 85- kb tandem triplication in the slow Wallerian degeneration (Wlds) mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998; 95(17): 9985-90. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.17.9985
4- Lebel-Hardenack S, Grant SR. Genetics of sex determination in flowering plants. Trends Plant Sci.1997; 2(4): 130-6. DOI: 10.1016/S1360-1385(97)01012-1
5- Zeinali H, Arzani A, Razmjoo R, Rezaee MB. Evaluation of Oil Compositions of Iranian Mints (Mentha ssp.). 2005; 17: 156-59. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2005.9698863
6- Salehi P, Sonboli A, Eftekhar F, NejadEbrahimi S, Yousefzadi M. Essential oil composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of the oil and various extracts of Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp. rigida (BOISS.) RECH. f. from Iran. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28(10): 1892-6. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.1892.
7- Basak S, Hoffmann A. Crosstalk via the NF-kappaB signaling system. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2008; 19(3-4): 187–197. DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2008.04.005
8- Aris A, Marrinhas E, Carvalho R, Dias C, Saavedra MJ. Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of ahaydroalcoholic Extract of Pterospartum tridentatum and Mentha Pulegium against Staphylococcus aureus Isolates. Biomed Res int. 2016; 2016:5201879.1-12. DOI: 10.1155/2016/5201879
9- Fadaei F, Zahedi L, Farahani Z, Ghasemzade N. Review of two version of declaration of Helsinki (2013 and 2008): challenges and changes. J Med Ethics Hist Med. 2016; 9 (3); 75-92. Link
10- Cicchetti E, Chaintreau A. Comparison of extraction techniques and modeling of accelerated solvent extraction for the authentication of natural vanilla flavors. J Sep Sci. 2009; 32(11): 1957-64. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800650
11- Tehranipour M, Attariyan F.The neuroprotective effect of stachys lavandulifolia Vahl leaves aqueous extract on the density of alpha neurons in anterior horn of spinal cord after sciatic nerve compression in rats. J shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2015; 17(2): 119-126. [Persian]. Link
12- Alikhanzade M, Tehranipour M, Khayatzade J. The study of effect of aquatic extracts of Achillea biebersteinii leave on repair alpha motoneurons after sciatic nerve injury in rat. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2013; 15(4): 16-25. [Persian]. Link
13- Razavi M, Tehranipour M, Khayatzade J .Effects of aqueous extract saliva chloroleuca leaves on degeneration alpha motoneurons in spinal cord after sciatic nerve compression in rat. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2014; 16(2): 22-30. Link
14- Behnam-Rasouli M, Nikravesh M, Mahdavi-Shahri N, Tehranipour M. Post-Operative time effect after sciatic nerve crush on the number of alpha motonrurons using asterio gical counting metod (Dissector). Iran Biomed j. 2000; 4(1): 45-9. [Persian]. Link
15- Sterio DC. The unbiased estimation of number and sizes of arbitrary particles using the disector. J Microsc.1994; 134(Pt 2): 127-36. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1984.tb02501.x
16- Atawodi S.E, Atawodi J.C, Dzikwi A. Polymerase chain reaction: Theory, practice and application: A review. 2011; Sahel Med. 2010; 13(2): 54-63. DOI: 10.4314/smj2.v13i2.64834
17- Jeon S, Kumar Jha M, Ock J, Suk K. Role of Lipocalin-2-Chemokine Axis in the Development of Neuropathic Pain following Peripheral Nerve Injury. J Biol Chem. 2013; 288(33): 24116-27. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M113.454140
18- Rowinsky E, Donehower R. The clinical pharmacology and use of antimicrotubule agents in cancer chemotherapeutics. Pharmacol Ther. 1991; 52(1): 35-84. DOI: 10.1016/0163-7258(91)90086-2
19- Hanz Sh, Fainzilber M. Retrograde signaling in injured nerve - the axon reaction revisited. J Neurochem. 2006; 99(1): 13-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04089.x
20- Mohamed A, Shoker A, Bendjelloul F, Mare A, Alzrigh M, Benghuzzi Het al. Improvement of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) by thymoquinone: an oxidative stress inhibitor. Biomed Sci Instrum. 2003; 39: 440-5. Link
21- Golshani S, Karamkhani F, Monsef Esfehani HR, Abdollahi M. Antinociceptive effects of the essential oil of Dracocephalum kotschyi in the mouse writhing test. J Pharma Pharmaceut Sci 2004; 7(1): 76-9. Link
22- De Sousa DP, Junior EV, Oliveira FS, De Almeida RN, Nunes XP, Barbosa-Filho JM. Antinociceptive activity of structural analogues of rotundifolone: structure-activity relationship. Z Nature Forsch [C] 2007; 62 (1-2): 39-42. Link
23- Stankiewicz AR, Lachapelle G, Foo CP, Radicioni SM, Mosser DD. Hsp70 inhibits heat-induced apoptosis upstream of mitochondria by preventing Bax translocation. J Biol Chem. 2005; 280: 38729–38733. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M509497200
24- Kang MH, Reynolds CP, Bcl-2 inhibitors: Targeting mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2009, 15(4): 1126-1132. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-0144
25- Goldar S, Shekari Khaniani M, Mansoori Derakhshan S, Baradaran B. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and roles in cancer development and treatment. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015; 16(6): 2129-44. DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.6.2129.
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
Neuroscience
Received: 2021/03/8 | Accepted: 2021/08/9 | ePublished ahead of print: 2021/09/5 | ePublished: 2021/09/18
Received: 2021/03/8 | Accepted: 2021/08/9 | ePublished ahead of print: 2021/09/5 | ePublished: 2021/09/18
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