Celiac disease is one of the most common autoimmune diseases with a prevalence rate of 0.5-1% in the total population. Diagnosis has increased in recent years; however, many cases of the disease still seem to be diagnosed late. Although the rheumatic manifestations of celiac disease are not uncommon, they are often overlooked. A 30-year-old female patient referred to the rheumatology clinic of Valiasr Hospital, Birjand, Iran, with swelling of the fingers and knees joints. Despite treatment with corticosteroids and anti-rheumatic medications for the past two years that modulated the immune system, migratory inflammatory arthritis was still present. Serologic tests were performed on the patient, and she underwent endoscopy and duodenal biopsy. The celiac disease diagnosis was confirmed for the patient, and the joint symptoms improved significantly following a gluten-free diet. Rheumatologic manifestations of celiac disease can be the primary symptoms of the disease, and a gluten-free diet prescribed for these patients can relieve the symptoms to a large extent.