Tuberculosis is one of the priorities of the World Health Organization of which millions of people in the world die annually. For the control and eradication of the disease, in addition of strategies like treatment of patients and identification of those with drug-resistant TB, We also need to detect the source of infection and track the disease’s transmission manner. Molecular epidemiology is one of the most important means to achieve this goal. The present study aimed at declaring the need of molecular identification and differentiation between strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as one of the TB control strategies.