Background and Aim: Psychological well-being is defined as the development of real talents of each individual. Personality traits are considered as important variables for explanation of behavior. This study was aimed to investigate the role of five big personality factors (adaptability, loyalty, neuroticism, acceptation and extraversion) in predicting components of psychological well-being (self-acceptance, environmental mastery, positive relations with other purpose in life, personal growth and autonomy).

  Materials and Methods: In this correlational-descriptive study, 436 students (232 female and 204 male) were selected based on cluster sampling method from all Birjand's high schools. Data were collected by means of the five big personality factors and the psychological well-being scales. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 15) using Linear Regression at the significant level of P<0.05.

  Results: Adoptability trait predicted the positive relationships with others and self-acceptance. Loyalty trait predicted autonomy. Neuroticism trait, predicted autonomy, positive relationships with others, personal growth and purpose in life. Acceptation trait predicted environmental mastery, autonomy, personal growth, purpose in life and self-acceptance. Beta coefficient showed that six components of psychological well-being can be predicted by extraversion trait.

  Conclusion: Regarding the important role of personality traits in predicting components of psychological well-being, more attention to the role of educational statues in development of personality is essential.